Explanatory Theories In Public Health

Theories to address the origins or outcome of Malaria:

Theory is a systematic approach that help public health specialist to know situations. Theories can be classified into explanatory and change theories. Explanatory theories give reasons to why a problem exist as it help to identify factors that contribute to the problem and how it can be changed. Some of the examples of the explanatory theories include precaution adoption process model, health belief model and theory of planned behaviour. On the other hand, change theory assist public health specialist to develop health interventions. It highlights various concepts that be changed into program messages and strategies which give basis for program evaluation. Examples of change theories

The approach focuses on the influencing the environment to change in order to make healthy choices simple. As stated by the universal human right act that everyone has the right to standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control (Naidoo et al., 2009). HPP incorporate all major areas that consider social determinant of health which address the policy around employment, welfare, education, transport, food, health and social services. HPP as an approach to health promotion has advantages such as recognition of the multiple socioeconomic environmental determinants of health and the necessity to change these determinants in order to promote health (Naidoo et al., 2009). Aside these, the approach also has commitment to reducing inequality in health and promoting equity. It also has economic benefits and provide less ill health and diseases, thereby reducing or preventing the rate at which money is spent on

This approach provides communities to identify needs and prioritize them. It requires the community to learn from communities, being accountable to community resources by taking ownership of programme and work in partnership. Community-led approach provide the avenue to promote social justice due to inequality in the society. It sees the issue of inequality as being created by the society which can also be addressed by the society. The community-led approach advocate and promote health of the disadvantaged groups, increasing the accessibility of health services, influence the execution of services, and build a social profile for the entire community in relation to the health status. Community level approach to health promotion to address the social and economic factors has a significant influence on the health of individuals (Yoo et al., 2004). Several key principles are inherent in an eradication or elimination campaign: the need to intervene everywhere the disease occurs, no matter how remotely located or difficult to access occurrences of disease are or how minor the perceived problem is in an individual country or area; the importance of monitoring the target disease and the extent of interventions closely; the need for flexibility and urgency in response to ongoing monitoring and operational research; and the need for an intense focus on the goal of stopping transmission of the targeted