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Chapter Ten By Jean Paul Sartre

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Exercise Three In chapter ten we read about Jean-Paul Sartre a French philosopher that deals with questions regarding authenticity. Sartre deals with the question of choices and how even our choices in life are authentic or inauthentic depending on what we choose. Sartre explains that as humans we always have a choice, what we choose reflects whether we are authentic or not. He explains that we always make a choice whether it be to choose or not to choose. Sartre explains that humans can be for themselves, in themselves or both. Being authentic is making a choice and sticking with it, bearing the consequences whatever they may be. However being inauthentic is making a choice not to choose, to hide and let the cards fall where they may. Sartre
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Dictionary.com defines authenticity as “the quality of being authentic; genuineness.” Authentic can be defined as “true to one's own personality, spirit, or character” (Merriam-Webster). According to the dictionary authenticity can be roughly defined as, someone living and showing their true personality and character. Andrew Pierce claims in his essay “Authentic Identities” that authenticity is a person morals and identity that are personally and truthfully shared with others (446). Appiah’s definition of authenticity is very similar to the dictionary’s definition.

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Jean-Paul Sartre in his early life has been described as a small, cross-eyed boy. He had lost his father at a young age, which he then moved into his grandfather’s house to be raised by his mother and grandfather. Because of his physical features as a child, he was left out of many things and it was hard for him to make friends. As he grew older, he attended different universities and eventually attended the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, where he finished first in his class and developed a lifelong friendship with Simone de Beauvoir. It has been noted that he didn’t believe in marriage, so Sartre and Beauvoir shared a simple intimate relationship for a number of years.

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Although Sartre agrees with Dostoevsky who says, “If God does not exist, then everything would be possible,” he tries to pull back from nihilism by saying that each human must act “for all humanity” and before the audience of all of humanity. Sartre claims that all humans have no nature or essence, he disqualifies himself from calling them “all humans.” First Sartre affirms that human beings lack a nature, but if we lack a nature, then the term “human being” has no reference at all. The descriptive term that applies to something with inherent qualities and do what is required of the qualities can be identified as “human being”.

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In this passage from The Ethics of Authenticity the author Charles Taylor is writing on the topic of authenticity on what it means to for people to have unique lives and to be different from those in our society. In the first part of the passage Taylor points out that modern society believes that morality comes is rooted in our emotions and is found within ourselves. He claims that this morality within can often be drowned out by our passions in life and by our society around us (Taylor 51). He argues that our modern society believes that morality should not be affected by our society but should come solely from within ourselves not from our environment. This means that an individual can only discover what is moral by looking within and listening

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In No Exit, Jean-Paul Sartre sets a scene with three characters who are placed together in a windowless room in Hell where they are unable to escape from or communicate with anyone outside of the confines. Being placed in a situation where they have no control, yet fully in control of their own behavior, philosophies of existentialism are cornerstones to understanding the metaphorical and symbolic themes of No Exit. Acting as if one has no control over a situation, despite having full control over their ability to choose, is an example of the existential philosophy Bad Faith, that splits the characters into antagonizers or victims. All of the characters display some Bad Faith throughout the play, but Estelle, a woman in love with her reflection, palpably acts in Bad Faith numerous times.

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Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980) was a philosopher screenwriter and a novelist. He is known for writing and publishing books one being “Being and Nothing less”. He was widely recognised as France’s leading philosopher. Sartre applied his novels, plays and biographical studies to act on social and political issue of his time. He adopted the term existentialism from his pre philosophers Kierkegaard (1813-1855).

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I means that the person saying this is looking to be their own person, and will not have you controlling their thoughts, or forcing them to be like other people. They want to have a meaningful identity. They want authenticity to be entailed to their name, and to everything around them. They want people to see them, for who they are, a person who has their own ideas that are useful. They want to be new and fresh, they want to be above all respected

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How are the characters ‘traps’ for each other? No exit, a play by Jean-Paul Sartre describes hell as a state of being, “hell is other people.” Garcin, Inez and Estelle all strangers to each other and from different parts of the world are put into a room together. Inez, Estelle, and Garcin exist in Hell to torment each other. As the layers of contemptibility are torn far from every one of them, they are uncovered and helpless before the others.

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It just means people have to be aware that identity runs deeper than the bare facts. There are two primary angles to the concept of human identity; the first being that people like to be perceived a certain way. Whether that is to stand out or fit in, it comes down to the individual. The second aspect indistinctly

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The paper “Existentialism 101,” goes into detail about the beliefs and ideals that Sartre made the public more familiar with. The idea that humans make choices according to their morals and standards that is explained in “Existentialism 101” is displayed in the story “The Guest.” The schoolmaster—or teacher—Daru, can be described as both a quietist and existentialist; he both refuses to choose what to do with the fugitive, and chooses to let the man make the decision. Daru felt humiliation because “[the] man’s crime revolted him, but to hand him over was

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Existentialism is a perspective on life where the existence of individuals is meaningless, and it is the individual’s responsibility to imbed purpose and meaning into his or her own life. Authenticity is one of the important characteristics associated with existentialism because of the battle between inauthentic life and authentic life where an individual believes he or she is implementing significance to his or her own life, but is instead blurred from the true meaning of their own existence. Furthermore, authenticity corresponds with boundary situations, which are unavoidable and make an individual muse about life and often pushes the individual to realize that they are living an inauthentic life that is blinded by illusions. Correspondingly, the idea of authenticity is demonstrated through the three distinct characters in the short story “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”. In Ernest Hemingway’s “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place”, the author suggests that as age progresses and one gets older, it becomes apparent that one’s existence is meaningless because of the individual’s transition from an inauthentic life, to an authentic life.

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Theories suggest to us that authenticity means for something to be real, original, true and genuine. Anything that is copied or is not completely true is considered to be inauthentic. Authenticity is a very vague concept to think about; it is not understood properly and is hence used in a very casual manner. People generally perceive authenticity as curation, but in reality it is quite different. To achieve authenticity, or to be authentic can be very difficult since it is an over powering value that only comes with constant labour.

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The argument Jean-Paul Sartre, a French philosopher, presents on existentialism helps to prove the foundation which is “existence precedes essence”. Existentialism is normally understood as an ideology that involves evaluating existence itself and the way humans find themselves existing currently in the world. For the phrase existence precedes essence, existence’s etymology is exsistere or to stand out while the term Essence means “being” or “to be” therefore the fundamental of existentialism, literally means to stand out comes before being. This can be taken into many different ideas such as individuals having to take responsibility for their own actions and that in Sartre’s case the individual is the sole judge of his or her own actions. According to him, “men is condemned to be free,” therefore “the destiny of man is placed within himself.”

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