Recommended: Introduction history of chemotherapy
Radium causes mutations that can turn into cancer and if used in high doses, it can burn skin off. Nonetheless, it also helped kill cancer cells. In the 1940’s, several studies showed that radium was safer and more effective than surgery for treating invasive cervical cancer. The doctor who discovered radium and supervised Henrietta’s radium treatment, would later die from cancer; possibly due to his regular exposure to
Catherine Gay AP Chemistry Mr. Sanders May 6, 2016 The Poisoner’s Handbook Introduction The Poisoner’s Handbook by Deborah Blum is a book about the untold story of how poisons affected the Jazz Age New York City.
Medical Report #1: Pre Experiment Report We divided all of our experiments into three sections; the first category’s experiments are aimed at the survival of Axis military personnel. The second category tests pharmaceutical products and treatments for injuries and illnesses that people experienced in the field. The third category is to spread Nazi ideology.
Towards the end of the article Kluger mentions, “But cancer—far too nimble far too complex—didn’t play along then, and won’t now.” This is a form of Hasty Generalization because the author beings to draw conclusions from little evidence. There is no guarantee that it will take hundreds of years to find the cure for cancer, but in this statement Kluger is assuming that it will because of the complexity of the
A Persian queen, Atossa, who lived in 500 BC likely had breast cancer; treatments for her cancer would have been different throughout history. In Atossa 's own time she would have had a crude mastectomy. In Egypt, 2500 BC, her illness is known and pronounced to have no known cure; it was named a karkinos in 300 BC by Hippocrates. This means crab and it will later be translated to the Latin word for crab; cancer. AD 168, Claudius Galen thinks cancer is caused by black bile that is trapped and for a thousand years Atossa 's treatment is the purging of black bile, all the while her tumor grows and spreads.
In the US, cancer is the second major cause of death. Cancer is the uncontrolled division of somatic cells caused by defective cancer cells. Usually, when cells divide, they begin to form a layer. Normal cells will experience contact inhibition, where cells can cease to replicate once there is no more space for it to inhabit. However, cancer cells cannot control their division.
An epidemic in 1918 that left death and devastation in its wake escaped the consciousness of millions in the midst of World War I. Flu by Gina Kolata analyzed how the timing and unfamiliar characteristics of the flu during World War I had disastrous effects on nation’s war efforts. Kolata explains this by including written documents from soldiers and scientists during the time period and through research of her own. The author clarifies how the conditions during World War I were perfect for the spread of the Influenza and how this affected real military events from history. The search for the cure was a journey of serendipity and misery as the best scientists raced around the clock to understand the unique characteristics of the flu. She also
Stopping the Silent Killers: The Discoveries that Changed Medicine in War Before World War II the majority of fatalities in war were not caused by trauma but by diseases. Common diseases like dysentery, cholera, typhus, typhoid fever, smallpox and the influenza would wipe out entire camps of soldiers before bullets were ever fired. WWII marked the transition to trauma causing the most fatalities. Trauma wounds are defined as an injury to living tissue caused by an extrinsic agents like bullets, shrapnel, or blunt force injuries. Medical advances with blood transfusions, vaccines, and antibiotics caused a shift from infection being the most significant cause of combat fatalities to trauma causing the most deaths.
In 1902 the chief chemist in what is now the Department of Agriculture, was Dr. Harvey Wiley. He is now considered the father of the Food and Drug Act. To bring attention to the public, he carried out a study involving a group of twelve healthy male volunteers, also called the “poison squad”. These men
Jeffrey Kluger’s discusses in his article “Why Curing Cancer is Not a ‘Moonshot,’” his opinion on how, and why, the cure for cancer can not be compared to a moonshot. Many Presidents, including Barack Obama and Richard Nixon, have preached about the “war on cancer,”. Many have referred to curing cancer as a moonshot. According to Kluger, a moonshot is not nearly as difficult as curing cancer.
Chemical warfare has been brought up multiple times throughout history. One of the most significant times chemical weapons have been used was during World War I. World War I introduced chemical weaponry to an extreme extent and for harsh purposes. There was a convention created called the Hague Convention which “discussed the issue of using chemicals as weapons” (First). The people within this group foresaw the potential use of chemicals during war, and wanted to try and prevent people being killed by this harsh weapon. There was later a second Hague Convention which added even more restraints to chemical weapons to further deter the use of chemical weapons.
Medicine is one of the most impactful advantages of modern-day society. Today, medicine consists of vaccines, surgeries, and yearly doctor visits. However, medical practices have existed in very different ways in each period. One of the significant shifting moments occurred during the period of the 1800s to the early 1900s. This hundred-year span marked the start of the exponential growth of medicine and medical operations.
The era of medicine before the Civil War wasn’t beneficial. They had just started common practices and having few uneducated nurses. When entering the Civil War diseases and hygiene became a huge problem for the soldiers on the front lines since doctors had little knowledge about medicine. Amputation, Lewis Sayre, and diseases aided the construct of modern medicine from the Civil War. Amputation was a familiar use during the Civil War.
This field of natural science drastically developed in several decades, and left tremendous discoveries like RNA or new types of virus. Meanwhile, this technology can be used in making biochemical weapons or untested drugs which are highly dangerous. To be more specific, many German scientists at World War II conducted researches about governmental projects, mainly about toxic compounds and biochemical weapons; several were compulsory recruited, while the others volunteered for payment. They succeeded in creating numbers of neurotoxins, and one of the most infamous project codes is GB, which involves creation of ‘Sarin gas’. This gas doesn’t have any taste, color, or smell; however, poisoning of this gas will cause symptoms like entire muscle paralysis, pupil contraction, extreme nausea or vomit, and eventually suffocation from vomitus.
Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. The drugs are most often given through a vein, after that the chemotherapy chemicals travel throughout your body. It can also help people with bone cancer that has spread beyond the bone to other areas in the body. Radiation therapy is also an option. Radiation therapy uses high-powered beams of energy to kill cancer cells.
