Have you ever heard of the ancient ruler that unified most of modern-day India? In 268 B.C.E Asoka first took leadership of the Mauryan Empire. Not too long after that, Asoka invaded Kalinga in 261 BCE. 200,000 Kalingans died as a result of his conquest. Events throughout Asoka's life portrayed him as a villain.
Beginning in the 18th century, many ancient civilizations began to decline including the Ottoman empire and the Qing dynasty. The Ottomans had reached their peak late in the 15th century. The turkic warriors demolished the Byzantine empire and established an Islamic society in much of the Balkans and the Mediterranean. To the east a new Chinese dynasty was emerging in the mid 17th century. The Qing emperors were not of Chinese descent, but were instead a nomadic group called the Manchu that conquered a declining Ming dynasty in 1644.
The rise of the Aztec Empire (1150-1521) and Mongol Empire (1206-1368) affected their surrounding regions significantly. Through the invasions by these Empires, the areas they inhabited were conquered and reestablished as their own. The Aztecs and Mongols were similar in many ways including their mutual desire to gain power and land. Although these empires resemble each other in the way they acquired land, they vary in terms of their religion and reasons for engineering advances. Both empires established advances in engineering but, because of their environments, these advances were created differently to benefit themselves.
“For legitimizing their rulership, founders of Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal Empire claimed to descend from certain historical, political or religious leaders. Explain how each of these imperial dynasties claimed such legitimacies and compare them in terms of similarities and differences in the process of establishing their authority.” ALİHÜSEYİN ALTUNBAŞ SOCIAL SCIENCES UNİVERCITY OF ANKARA The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires were three major Islamic empires (Gunpowder Empires) that emerged in the medieval period.
The Ottoman and Mughal empires both used Islam in their culture, economy, wars, and society. It influenced their art, the way they treated non-Muslims, their motivations for war. It is important to note that both empires were influenced differently by their majority religion. However, both the Ottomans and Mughals were heavily influenced as Islam was a major part of everyday life from the art to the bureaucracy.
Throughout history, many impactful and memorable empires have arisen. Each empire has its own defining traits that lead to its success or demise. Some empires are very similar, while some posses many different traits. And although some can possess the same quality, their implication and utilization of that quality can create many gaps in the empire’s overall similarity to the other. Two powerful and historically important empires are the Ottoman empire, and the Mughal empire.
The Muslim world expanded tremendously during the 1300s to 1700s. The Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire were two out of the three empires that had significant changes during these time. Though the Ottoman and Safavid Empire contrast on leaders and ways they rule, they similar on their declination and cultures. In the Ottoman Empire, multiples leaders contributed to the growth of the Empire. Ghazis were warriors for the Islam that followed strict Islamic rules.
The early modern era was a time when empires thrived across the globe. The Western Europeans were not the only ones to construct successful empires either. The Russian, Chinese, Mughal, and Ottoman empires added to this phenomenon. Although these empires share many similarities, they also have their differences. During the time, 1450 CE -1750 CE, European empires in the Americas and their Russian, Chinese, Mughal, and Ottoman counterparts are similar in that they all thrived and united diverse peoples and different in that European empires developed something entirely new, an interacting Atlantic World, while the other empires continued older patterns of historical development.
Throughout history there have been many Empires with their own history and culture. The Mughal and Ottoman Empires were both very significant empires that existed in the early modern period. The Mughal empire was located in current day South Asia in the 16th to the 19th centuries. The Ottoman empire on the other hand began from the base area in northwestern Anatolia and continued to spread to the Middle East, North Africa, and Southeastern Europe in between the 14th and early 20th century. Both The Mughal and Ottoman Empires had many similarities and differences whether it be political, social, or economic.
Aztec Empire The Aztecs were a great Empire that lasted approximately 200 years. They entered the Valley of Mexico from North and founded their capital in the center of a lake. Their capital was called Tenochtitlan, and it was founded in 1325. In 1428 a Triple Alliance was formed with other two cities, Texcoco and Tlacopan, consolidating what we now call, the Great Aztec Empire.
Two men, both similar and different, each had a unique governing style. From a time of chaotic strive within their nations; each had a way to subside such conflict. In the Classical Age, Ashoka and Shi Huangdi had similar governing styles, in that they had a similar political and economic vision of success for their empire; however differed in philosophies that influenced their governing styles because Ashoka eventually renounced his brutality and became a peaceful and tolerant ruler. Through-out each man’s rule, walls stretching the length of an empire and towers of stone were built, but the means by which they were created varied greatly. Under Ashoka and Shi Huangdi’s rule extensive building projects were carried out.
All empires in history had a high in their history but they all eventually came to their demise. The Ottoman Empire and the Ming Dynasty both had ways they gained, consolidated and maintained their power while they were at their highest point. They had significant leaders that lead to these successful points. The Ottoman Empire covered parts of Asia, Europe and Africa controlled by their leader named Suleiman.
Different periods throughout China’s history have different names, known as dynasties, for the diverse positions within its society. Theoretically, all of the periods are similar, with the government and military officials ranking high in the hierarchy, and the average everyday people being under regular Chinese law. Throughout China’s history, the society has been organized into a hierarchic system of socio-economic classes, known as the four occupations. The four occupations system seems to have become distorted after the commercialization of Chinese culture during the Song Dynasty. Even though the social rankings within the country are not as predominant as they once were, the people living within the country still know their “place” within the society.
In the 19th century, Manifest Destiny was a theory created by John O'Sullivan, an American editor and columnist, where he believes that the destiny of American settlers was to expand to the west, while at the same time spread their traditions and their institutions. As a result, many Americans settlers expanded beyond the west coast and gained more land as it caused them to built transcontinental railroads and many other great things. In addition, the American settlers considered the United States to be the best possible way to remake the world in the image of their own country as they believe God had blessed them with the growth of American nation. After encouragement to the Western Expansion, major changes such as technology, social economics, and the roles of women had great effects toward the Americans’ way of living, where it became known as the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution sparked the way how Americans’ lives changed thanks to advance and new modern technologies that were invented.
The second Empire came after the industrial revolution and lasted from 1800-1945 with the main focus on India and the Far East. In this period there was a huge need for raw materials, and the colonies were
