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What Are The Effects Of Austerity On British Cities

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A Literature Review Investigating the consequences of austerity on British cities and the people within them? Introduction - Understanding Austerity, who and what it has affected? The UK's social situation has changed since 2010's government call for austerity, which has continued to today. Austerity is how a government changes their use of spending, through taxes and cuts welfare, to reduce the budget deficit; the spending of more money than it makes in taxes and other incomes received (Financial Times, 2018). Former conservative chancellor George Osborne called it "maxing out the credit card" (Stiglitz, 2017). Whether the initiative was right or not it has created hardship for the lowest earners and the unemployed in the UK. This literature …show more content…

An approach that has created hard poverty dividing people Georgina Lee (2017) points out the wealth gap has increased, and house prices have outpaced wages; consequently, homelessness has risen, and people struggle to afford food. This has started since welfare in the UK has been cut from, Housing Benefits, Disability Living Allowance (DLA), Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) and Personal Independence Payment (PIP); along with the Bedroom Taxation (Mendoza, 2015). This is also seen across Europe with many countries, rich and poor, trying to reduce the deficit (Bhattacharyya, 2015). Bhattacharyya also states that austerity causes attacks on pension rights and shrinking …show more content…

UN reports have criticised how the UK government have conducted the rights of the disabled, mishandling their benefits (parliament.uk, 2017). Furthermore, the upsurge of gentrification in London separating family, friends and communities; leading some to homelessness. Crisis and the Trussell Trust have not been able to help the populace that is overlooked and the stereotypes that have been built up. Despite all this hardship people face they are singled out as a problem and have created their own situations. Also, if the claims of Johann Hari are true, that a lack of support and isolation leads to addiction, the UK further inflicts difficulties to societies most destitute (Hari, 2015). This Results in long term adversity for people in most cities in the UK. There is a need to change the method of production, delivery and consumption of food. This issue can be avoided by starting to plant food within cities, growing locally to the market demand (Lim, 2014) and using our waste more affectively (Go Copia,

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James E. McWilliams takes the opportunity to plead his case against the popular belief that buying food locally can help save the planet in “The Locavore Myth: Why Buying Form Nearby Farmers Won’t Save the Planet” (McWilliams 89). McWilliams finds it necessary to point out that the popular slogan “Buy local, shrink the distance food travels, save the planet” covers the problems with industrialized foods in regards to transportation in his beginning statements. He then follows up by making the bold statement that “a lot of them are making a big mistake” (89). They fail to see that there are other “energy-hogging factors” (89).

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The article was written in response to the statement farming and food production is leading to climate change. Niman, being a rancher who raises cattle, goats, and turkeys, effectively frames the situation logically by providing credible statistics and examples to help the reader better understand the impacts of different methods of food production. She does this by providing specific information regarding the greenhouse gases involved, being carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides. Niman, the rhetor, has written this article to try and inform the readers about the differences between traditional style and industrial style methods of food production. She has directed the article towards those concerned about the carbon footprint, we as individuals, are leaving

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In her essay, she points that an individual should not be tagged as a criminal to the society due to his or her poverty. She also points that the government should provide more shelters to homeless, and that the government should help them to find a job in order to have them enrolled back in society. Unfortunately, the public housing, which is a support for poor families provided by the government, has been becoming an easy target for law enforcers to fine people that is in need. As Ehrenreich says, “The public housing that remains has become more prisonlike, with residents subjected to drug testing and random police sweeps”. It demonstrates the elephant in the room that the government wants to avoid such reality meanwhile people is suffering in public houses filled of diseases and filth.

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Social processes that can lead to marginalization, isolation and exclusion are poverty, poor health, unemployment, disablement, lack of education and other sources of disadvantage. As local authorities started to drive down the costs, social workers and service users face uncertain futures when services are farmed out to non-profit organizations and profit-making companies. A particular concern is how supported living services for people with dementia are tendered out. The changes can be extremely distressing for service users.

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Heritage is important because that’s our link to the past. It helps us to understand our life and identity as individuals. Every family should remember their roots, and they should be proud of them. However, not every family member appreciates heritage equally. There is always someone who thinks that heritage is insignificant, and they keep a distance from their roots, for their heritage’s sake.

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840 Words | 4 Pages

Homelessness is not a new issue as it has already existed for many years ago and the existence of homeless people is often being ignored. The reasons why they end up sleeping on the streets is largely because of individual factors (Main, 1998), which is contributed by structural factors (Cyndy Baskina, 2007). It is unsure whether homeless people choose to end their lives in this way or are among the victims of situations? Many researchers contribute homelessness to structural factors but advocates of human rights debunk this and highlights that the main reason for homelessness is due to mostly individual

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1927 Words | 8 Pages

Gentrification in the Docklands: A Different Story Introduction: Gentrification has been a topic of much debate for years in London, and it shows few signs of slowing down. However, it is quite unlikely that each area of London experiences gentrification in the same way. This paper will examine one such instance of gentrification in London and attempt to make a case for its unique style. Background:

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In the US, 40% of food produced, or approximately 365 million pounds of food, is wasted each day. Food waste, however, is a problem that extends beyond America, affecting billions of people as a global issue. The overwhelming amounts of food that are being discarded contribute to global warming and climate change, and prevent the massive number of hungry people from being able to eat nourishing meals. Humanity as a whole must be more mindful of the Earth and its health, as we are the source which most directly affect it. Due to the profound environmental impacts of food waste, a reduction in the amount disposed is necessary to create a more sustainable environment, and humans have a responsibility to protect the planet, even if it requires drastic changes to the current food system.

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The Truth About Poverty “Poverty is like punishment for a crime you didn't commit” this quote was said by Mahatma Gandhi and it relates so well with this article “It is Expensive To Be Poor”, answer the question yourself, Is it expensive to be poor? This article is titled like that to get the audience's attention early and have them thinking ahead of reading. The author Barbara Ehrenreich is building a pre thought when she does this which helps support her claim. “It is Expensive To Be Poor” by Barbara Ehrenreich is an article posted on “The atlantic” “which is where you can find your current news and analysis on politics, business, culture, and technology”. Knowing what “The Atlantic” offers for readers this gives Ehrenreich a detailed look at who she is writing to.

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The medical model of disability, adopted by geographers such as Golledge (Cloke, Crang, Goodwin 2014) defines disability as an ‘individual medical tragedy’ (Shakespeare 1993 cited in Cloke Crang, Goodwin 2014) however this is seen as somewhat outdated through a contemporary eye and geographers such as Imrie (1996) adopt the view of the social model. The social model conveys a more emotive approach which encompasses a person’s identity and Imrie (1996) suggests “the assertion of ableist values is intertwined with the notion that disability is abnormal”. Disability is a social product of views that people with impairments do not conform to what is seen as the norm and can often feel out of place in society, showcasing how humans influence space, place and identities similarly to social class. Barriers such as urban infrastructure highlight how space and place control our identities, for example ATM’s often have steps instead of slopes and are not wheelchair height accessible (Imrie, 1996) nor offer braille functions and Walker (cited in Imrie, 1996) passionately suggests “we live under a system of architectural apartheid”.

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“The lower their earnings, the more inflexible their job.” explains Belinda Luscombe, which is understandable,

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Food can be bought and wasted because of the ample amounts bought. Although, one may not give to the poor people of the world, food can be gone to compost, or can be used to make new food. Many belittle the fact that food waste is harmful to society. The first article, “U.S. throws away half of all food produce” By Suzanne Goldenberg explains how Fresh produce is often wasted in fields,warehouses,supermarkets,restaurants,and refrigerators. The second article, “How Norway is selling out-of-date food to help tackle waste” By Daniel Boffey shows A supermarket in Norway which is dedicated to selling expired and old food.

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Vagrancy is unceasingly on the rise in Trinidad and Tobago and all it takes is a casual walk through the streets to observe the extent of the issue. Vagrancy also referred to as ‘nowayrians’, ‘the homeless’ or ‘vagabond’ is defined as the state of occupying residence on the streets- a person who wanders from place to place without a home, employment or means of income. They usually occupy the area, littering the walkway with discarded cardboard boxes, mattresses and garbage bags they use for their makeshift shelters. The problem is not limited to the capital (Port- of-Spain) but also in the country’s urban centres like San- Fernando, San Juan, Sangre Grande, Curepe Junction, Tunapuna, Chaguanas to name a few.

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Introduction People tend to consume a lot, when there is consumption, there is waste – and that waste becomes a big problem that needs taken care of, which costs a lot of time, space and resources. If not managed, in turn, the world that we live in will become a hazardous place for all living things. According to the World Bank, people throughout the world, “spend $2.3 trillion a year on food and beverages alone” (Global Consumption Database, 2018), that is quite a lot. In addition to that, the world count mentions that, “we throw out over 50 tons of household waste every second. A number that will double by 2030”

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In the next few minutes, I hope to convince why we should all be concerned. What has been done and what can be done and what’s in it for us. By the end of this talk, I would like empower you and show all of you that we can all play a part and make that difference. Body I. Impacts of food wastage a. Food waste can be defined as “Organic residue generated by the processing, handling, storage, sale, preparation, cooking, and serving of foods” (Best Practices & Emerging Solutions Toolkit, 2014). Food wastage has a huge impact that goes beyond Singapore.

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