Contradictions In The 1920's

America experienced a sudden disregard of Victorian values following World War I, causing the generation of the 1920s to dramatically contrast the previous. This severe degree of change produced three major manifestations of the contradictions in the twenties. There were massive conflicts to the Jazz Age, technological advancements, and Black Migration. The contradictions of the 1920s reflect America’s conflicted state between advancement and convention, as the cultural and technological developments of the era coincide with the inability of individuals to stray from traditional norms and racist attitudes.

The Jazz Age was influential era of music, dance, flappers, and wild partying that forever changed America’s culture and normalcy for women.

The Temperance Movement, starting in 1808, was the first significant attempt to outlaw alcohol. Members of the movement believed alcohol was unconstitutional and caused family violence and crime. In 1900, Carry Nation, who believed saloons were associated with gambling, prostitution, and violence, organized the destruction of many saloons and was arrested. Later in twentieth century came the Prohibition Movement. Supporters thought the poor were wasting their limited money at saloons, and industrial leaders believed a ban on alcohol would increase productivity of workers. Lastly, Protestants thought the culture of drinking conflicted their religious morals. The eighteenth Amendment, which prohibited alcohol, was ratified on January 16th, 1920. An illegal alcohol market rose as a result. “Bathtub gin” was made with stills people bought from hardware stores, and “rumrunners” illegally transported alcohol. In 1924, rumrunners smuggled an estimated $40 million worth of liquor. Additionally, during Prohibition, 32,000 speakeasies, illegal liquor-serving nightclubs, replaced 15000 pubs. Illegal liquor trade became a $3.5 billion industry as of 1926 and gangs of bootleggers were formed. In 1929, Al Capone’s gang shot seven members of their rival gang. This event, known as the St. Valentine’s Massacre, increased competition for control of the market. Evidently, the laws of Prohibition were disregarded and protested by many. Although alcoholic consumption was reduced by more than 50%, the government did not want to give funds to enforce the law, causing corruption in law enforcement agencies. Many Americans believed government did not have the right to outlaw alcohol consumption, especially because drinking was a part of many ethnic celebrations. People thought taxing alcohol