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Coping: The Final Prong Of The Model

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The final prong of the model is the “C” which stands for “Coping’ (p. 65). This is the solutions stage of the intervention. Many argue that it is the person being helped that has to formulate the solutions so that he or she will own them. Coping is important because it establishes a baseline or starting point where the person or group will move forward from. One could argue that it is at this point in the relationship that the counselor puts on the coaching hat because his or her purpose is now to ensure that the client is not only implementing the solutions discussed but is remaining loyal to them. Finally, solutions are both short and long-term. What this means is that some events only exist for a short period and therefore; only require
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Additionally, the counselor will encourage the client to work on her own personal struggles (i.e., private experience). Session 5 consists of the brief value assessments in the various domains of her life (e.g., intimate/family relationships, friendship, vocational activities). The value assessment will be administered to identify the costs of cognitive rigidity and avoidance. Session 6 deals the legal crisis related to her financial problems. Session 7 consists of (a) ACT creative hopelessness and (b) brief introduction of control as the problem.

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Coping strategies are crucial to the success of the Vietnam War troops. In The Things They Carried, by Tim O’Brien, O’Brien conveys the experiences of War World Two soldiers, and the way soldiers cope through shifts of tone, setting, and character development. The Things They Carried, is multiple short stories put into one book that follows a group of soldiers told from the perspective of the narrator, who is also a character in the book during the time of War World One. The book is structured to reveal what the soldiers carry not just physically but also mentally.

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In "The Things They Carried" by Tim O’Brien, coping mechanisms are central to the experiences of the soldiers in the Vietnam War. O’Brien’s work explores the various ways in which soldiers cope with the physical, emotional, and psychological traumas of war. Coping, in this context, represents the soldiers' attempts to manage the stress of combat and maintain their sanity in an environment of constant fear and danger. Through the characters and their stories, O’Brien demonstrates the importance of coping mechanisms in times of extreme stress.

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Figure 4: Dual Process Model Extracted from [http://goo.gl/Kr1r5E] Dual Process Model of Coping (DPM) developed by Stroebe & Schut’s (1999, 2001) illustrates a theoretically based cognitive model of coping. This model is designed for an important context relevant to the social, behavioural, and health sciences, namely, bereavement. The DPM outlines a dynamic process of coping whereby the bereaved person oscillates between two orientations: loss and restoration. Grief work, breaking bonds and thinking of the deceased person in a different place are considered part of the loss-oriented coping process, denying and avoiding changes associated with restoration. Attending to secondary stressors that come about as a consequence of the bereavement is considered as the phase of restoration-oriented coping.

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According to Melissa Balmain in “Bouncing Back,” two people who faced adversity with resilience are Howie Truong and Celeste Peterson. Although they have different stories they both went through their own trials. Howie Truong’s wife was killed after an accident when they had tried to flee Vietnam postwar; after Truong’s wife was found ashore he spent thirty-four years wondering what had happened to his son. Truong losing his wife and son made him feel guilty, the guilt made Truong drink away his problems every night by drinking himself to sleep. Truong realized that he had a role in his family and that he needed to stop drinking.

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This approach to helping is user friendly and supportive and an advantage to this technique is that it can be flexible and that it does integrate other approaches as well. Adlerian counseling is broken down into four stages. They are building a trusting relationship, the assessment stage, promoting insight, and the reorientation stage. In stage one the counselor is building a trusting relationship with the client. This is because the client is facing their fears in the

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the family direct the therapy session which was beneficial (). The ending phase really is for acknowledging the work that has been done and recognizing the use of new skills and information. Aponte really expresses how the family needs to stick with it and that both the mother and father need to work together in order for this family dynamic to work. This is when what was learned new can really be put into motion to help facilitate change. This is when Aponte really made the demand for work that wasn’t seen in the past.

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Putting the client as the expert, understanding her story instead of attempting to judge it, in the therapist’s point of view. The therapist must in any point display with utmost care, interest, respectful curiosity, openness, empathy, and fascination. Once this collaborative relationship has been established, the counsellor and the client can move forward and work on how to improve the outcomes of the

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This enables him to identify a problem, example; a death situation. My client, Ms Linda is coping with the lost her mother. She feels very depressed all the time and feels controlled to this crisis situation. When asked about her mother’s departure, she exhibits anger and

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In the time of Greek and Roman periods of art, religion played a large roll. Great power was given from God. Structures were built to praise the Gods and sculptures were made to depict the idea of how they looked. But, in the medieval period the ideas of the people began to change. Thoughts started to turn more into the idea of spirituality and paganism.

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Additionally, as a counselor, it is important to be genuine with whatever feedbacks one presents to the patient and what one believes regarding the situation of the client. Mrs. Perez believes the more authentic and genuine he is with her patients, the more help he will be able to offer the clients. As a counselor, it is important to have a fine and professional interaction with one 's client but boundaries must be maintained. Through this, a counselor is able to demonstrate their focus on helping the patients by showing the client that they understand their problems. It also through such engagements that counselor is able to use the non-judgmental attention that does not require words for illustration in helping the patient.

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The model allows health care professionals to reflect on experiences and find ways to improve their outcomes of different events. It not only looks at the situation but allows you to explore your feelings at the time of the event, as well as at the end of the reflective process. The model gives health care an opportunity to review their actions and explore what could have been improved with regards to their experiences (De Oliveira and Tuohy,

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Like other professions in the mental health field and helping professions, counseling typically attracts those who are imbued with a need to help others, to make a difference in others’ lives, the community around them and sometimes even the world. There are many facets to a counselor and to counseling, some of which take on personal attributes such as personality, the values and beliefs held by counselors, and what they perceive their role in the counseling profession to be. Other facets involve ethical considerations in therapy, the importance of the profession, the value and process of change, important counseling practices and the value of necessary self-care a counselor ought to engage in. The role of a counselor is to act as a conduit to change and wellbeing in a client.

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The Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping was developed by American psychologist Richard S. Lazarus. It is used to analyze the complex processes individuals undergo in coping with stressful life experiences. The core assumption of this theory is that coping is a process wherein adaptational outcomes are determined by how individuals appraise stressful experiences, the coping styles that are employed by the individual, and how dispositional and situational factors serve as mediating variables (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984; Lazarus, 1999). In early traditional approaches, studies have primarily focused on examining the causal relationship between stress and coping.

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Part A (20%) Firth, N., Greaves, D., & Frydenberg, E. (2010). Coping styles and strategies: A comparison of adolescent students with and without learning disabilities. Journal of learning disabilities, 43(1), 77-85. Research Area and Research Questions.

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