Ancient Egypt rule for around 300 years, from Syria all the way to Sudan. Before become one big empire, ancient Egypt was consist of smaller cities such as Heliopolis, Memphis, Abydos, Thebes, and Nekhen. All of these cities were located near by the Nile river, before it was united in 3100 BC, the cities were divided into two regions depend on the river flow, the upper Egypt called upstream and the lower Egypt called downstream. The major periods of the kingdom divided into 3 periods, Old kingdom (2575 BC - 2130 BC), Middle kingdom (1938 BC – 1630 BC), and the last is New kingdom (1539 BC – 1075 BC). Between these 3 periods there 2 periods of instability between each periods, they are first intermediate (2130 BC – 1938 BC) and second intermediate