Within this experiment extractions will be used extensively to carry out its purpose. Extractions are a method that is important in the chemical field, it is used to separate a mixture into its components. It is done by having a a solution and adding a solvent to it that would be immiscible with the solvent of the original solution. By adding this solvent and mixing it with the preexisting solution, the result will be a solution with two clear layers. The top layer would contained the aqueous solvent, while the bottom layer would contained the organic solvent. The layers are determined by the densities of the liquids, and in this experiments case the organic layer will be in the bottom. If a solution is miscible or immiscible, it is determined by the polarity of the solutions. A popular example is oil and water, oil is a nonpolar solution while water is polar. This difference in polarity is caused by the difference in electronegativity of the atoms found in each solution. The greater the electronegativity of an atom the more that it will pull electrons towards it. This creates a difference in the partial charge distribution of a molecule. The acid ionization constant is an important term and key to carrying out this experiment. This constant is a numerical value that is used to predict the …show more content…
A recrystallization consist of placing a solid within an appropriate solution, that is at a much higher temperature. The solution is then allowed to cool and is placed in an ice bath, allowing the crystals to reform. The impurities that were present in the solid would be dissolved and ideally would not be recrystallized. The choice of solvent to used, is determined by the polarity of the impure product. A polar solvent would be used for a polar product, since it need to be miscible to remove the impurities, same goes for non-polar