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Dual Citizenship Issues

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Citizenship issues have become subject of increasingly vivid debates since the beginning of the Nineties. The underlying principles of citizenship have been questioned by political theorists, sociologists, politicians and international organizations and their findings varied in focus, substance and consequence. This renewed interest in citizenship studies is due to transformations and developments affecting the political, social, and economic realms at different levels: global (increased economic interdependence, human rights revolution, end of geopolitical blocs, increasing migratory flows), regional (fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, European regional integration), and domestic (the crisis of post-modern democracies, the need for social …show more content…

With the support of data about the structure of citizenship regimes and naturalization procedures, I will demonstrate that, while in the Western context the spread of this phenomena is linked to rising migrant flows and the need of integrating permanent ‘alien’ citizens, in Eastern Europe the redefinition of citizenship regimes was part of the nation-building process. The acceptance of dual citizenship as well as privileged access to citizenship for co-ethnics was thus driven by the desire to strengthen ties with historical national minorities in the attempt of symbolically reconstructing the national ‘imagined community’, the consequence being a wide asymmetry in the process of acquisition of citizenship through naturalization between foreigners and persons of national extraction. Then I will focus on the specific case of Hungary, retracing the historical development of relations between the government and the Hungarian national minority with the aim of framing the historical and political background against which the granting of external dual citizenship can be viewed. Specifically, I will start by addressing the historical developments through which Hungarian nationalism evolved into an ethnic conception, including ethnic Hungarians beyond the border as an integral part of the national project, to finally demonstrate that the current governing party, Fidesz, following this tradition, modified the citizenship regime to grant external dual citizenship for reasons that transcend the objective of minority protection. To this aim, I will combine the analysis of relevant legislative provisions with Orban’s public declarations. Finally, I will argue that the granting of external dual citizenship to national minorities is not only undesirable for the political implications it carries, but also because it is not normatively defensible

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Leho chavez states that in simple terms, citizenship for many is about the legal recognition that comes along with it, the formal membership in an organized political community (Chavez, 12). For those that are anti-immigration, citizenship is also about the rights, privileges and responsibilities (Chavez,12). There is a harsh effect when not being a citizen, since the 1996 welfare reform act made it harder for immigrants to achieve citizenship and also barred non-citizen immigrants from getting many social services like food stamps and medicare(Chavez, 13). Citizenship is further discussed with the discussion of anchor babies. Anchor babies, which are babies born to take advantage of 14th amendment.

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In doing so, Semley calls into question what it means to be “free and French,” as Touissant Louverture famously said while delivering his Constitution in Le Cap in 1801. Citizenship is more than legal rights and the cultural aspect is just as meritorious as any legal procedure. Semley’s book follows a roughly chronological outline of events in the French empire, using case studies on different figures and groups of people in different areas of the empire. Semley weaves together a cohesive narrative by connecting the individuals and places in these stories to create a cascading effect that makes it easy to understand the gradual evolution of citizenship and its relationship to people of color.

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The 1965 Immigration Act, which resulted largely from the civil rights movement and Democratic Congress of the 1960s, played a vital role in the change in demographics of the United States (“History of U.S. Immigration Laws,” 2008). Replacing the existing system of assigning specific countries a limit on the number of people that could immigrate to the United States each year, the 1965 Immigration Act established quotas for each hemisphere: 170,000 immigrants a year for the Eastern Hemisphere and 120,000 a year for the Western Hemisphere (Hatton, 2015). Although the limit was expanded to 700,000 immigrants a year in 1990 and has been adjusted many times in the years since (“History of U.S. Immigration Laws,” 2008), the 1965 Immigration Act has been the most significant of all of the immigration reform legislation because it allowed more immigrants from individual countries to come to the U.S., a

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The Lecture 1 document in this module refers to British sociologist, T. H. Marshal’s distinction between three different types of citizenships; civil, political and social (Marshall, 1968). This meant that civil citizenship allowed Black people to walk, talk, have opinions and own property

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Citizenship -- what is it? Discrimination is defined as the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people (i.e. sex, race, skin color, religious belief, etc.). The 5th and 14th Amendments of our Constitution make it clear that this is wrong and punishable yet, in Article 2 Section 1, millions of Americans are discriminated against for their birth country. This section of the Constitution states that “the President must have been born a

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Citizenship is a status given by a government to some or all of its people. Being a citizen means not only meeting certain responsibilities, but also enjoying certain rights. In the U.S. today, many of our governmental institutions are based on concepts of the Ancient World. Citizenship in the United States resembles the concepts of citizenship in both Ancient Athens and Ancient Rome. Ancient Athens believed that participating in government and making the city-state work was a part of being a good citizen.

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Nationalism is the pride for one’s country, the love that one has for its country and it is the want for the good of all people in the nation. This love is not conditional, it does not depend on race religion or economic standing. When a leader is chosen, when a country is coming out of great national change, this requires a particularly strong leader who only wishes for their countries greatness and success in the future. However, this can quickly turn into ultranationalism, or expose ultranationalistic motives. The two concepts of one’s love for their country have similarities, one is formed from the other, or that each can be provokers of change in either direction in the political spectrum.

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Without delay, one of the possible explanations for the increase of opposition towards immigrants throughout the world is the immigrant's political loyalty. With this in mind, many countries’ “state authorities have questioned the loyalty of fresh immigrants, especially in times of international crises when ties to their country of origin have become suspicious" (Kozak). Since immigrants are people that had original ties to another country, this leads to the country's state authorities having to induce loyalty and obedience. Thus, it would be sensible for the people to feel uneasiness towards immigrants, especially when hostility occurs between the two countries. It is possible that the immigrant's country is an ally; however, there is always

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As immigration and relations between races become more influential issues in politics, there have been many opposing views on the treatment of minority groups. Some people believe that diversity and immigration is a threat to original identity while others believe that they are extremely beneficial to society. Writers Samuel P. Huntington in The Hispanic Challenge and Herbert Marcuse in Repressive Tolerance express these differing views regarding these important topics. Huntington takes the ‘threat to identity’ side when explaining how Mexican immigration is extremely different from European immigration. On the other hand, Marcuse takes a different route when explaining the idea of tolerance, claiming that majority groups who oppress the minority

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The definition of Citizenship has now been a citizen who is fully recognised by a state as being a member of the state. They have a legal status within a state, certain rights, and they are expected to perform duties. Citizenship has changed over time because you have to be born in the United States to be gain it. You gain the rights to vote in the U.S.. Which means that you since you born in the U.S. you can vote while people who were not born in the U.S. cannot vote.

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The improvement of the rights of the Canadian Immigrants Canada, as one of the biggest immigration countries, welcomes people from all over the the world and forms a representative multicultural atmosphere in today’s society. Over these few decays, the country has always been consummating the laws to provide immigrants equal rights and freedoms, and better treatments they could receive. However, Canadian immigration laws were not unprejudiced and it eventually caused a “legal discrimination” before 1976. The legal rights of the immigrant groups have improved significantly because of the demands of developing the country, the influences of the wars, and the globalization of the world. Since 1880s, more immigrants and foreigners came to Canada because of the railway construction project.

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He notes that nations are a continuation of culture, territory and the heritage of communities that existed before the modern nations. This concept is the basis of the ethno-symbolic approach. Gellner’s theory of nationalism starts from the transformation of the society from an agrarian system to one that is based on industrialisation. Before industrialisation, society was based on boundaries between communities and between the different classes of the population. Mass education and social mobility achieved after industrialisation broke the barriers between communities and class.

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As Israelmore Ayivor, leadership entrepreneur, states “Your patriotism is not measured by what your country can do for you. It 's all about what you can do for your country for your own benefit and for the benefit of unborn generations!” In fact, citizenship is a circumstance when a citizen is under the regulation or tradition of a country in which they have rights, and responsibilities to do. Every citizen has proper liabilities towards the community, state and country in which they live, and as a liable person everyone should accept these obligations in terms of moral and personal duties. Generally, this sense of responsibility is indispensable because no one is able to escape from their accountabilities such as paying taxes, protecting

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