CH:1: INTRODUCTION Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous natural disasters that occur on Earth. This is because the shaking of the ground can strike with little to no warning, and sometimes the ferocious ground shaking can even be felt hundreds of miles away.
1.1 Layouts & History:
• Now a days , the problems of natural calamities have been increased because of increasing global warming & unbalance in nature. Natural calamities like Tsunami, Cyclone, Earthquake, etc. have started damaging national as well as personal health & wealth.
• On an average , a developing state needs of about 3 years of time to overcome the losses in an earthquake.
• Basically, a sudden violent shaking of ground, causing a great destruction and harm to environment by shaking of tectonic plates within earth’s crust or volcanic action is known as earthquake.
• Earthquakes can also trigger tsunami, landslide ,volcanic eruptions , etc.
• The world 's largest earthquake with an instrumentally documented magnitude occurred on May 22, 1960 near Valdivia, in southern Chile. It was assigned a magnitude of 9.5 by the United States Geological Survey. It is referred to as the "Great Chilean Earthquake" and the "1960 Valdivia Earthquake."
1.2 Damages:
• Because an earthquake is literally the quaking of the earth, you can imagine that anything on the surface that is near the shaking will shake as well.
• Earthquakes have the same affect on land. Landslides and mudslides are common