In the book Anthem by Ayn Rand, the main character, Equality 7-2521 stated that in this society most people only live to be around 45. I have some theories as to why this is. They are, the government is trying to control population, Once you stop working you are mistreated and malnourished and, the technology and medicine that we have now and before the new society was erected, are no longer present and have not been rediscovered. My first theory as to why Equality 7-2521 stated that people rarely live to be 45 is because; the government is trying to control population. I think that the government is trying to control population because n the in this society everything runs on someone playing a part in making everything work.
For the lower class in Life in the Iron Mills life sucks, but that’s life right? John F. Kennedy bluntly explains how life is like in three short sentences, “There is always inequality in life. Some men are killed in a war and some men are wounded and some men never leave the country. Life is unfair.” While there is no war in this book, it is true for some of the characters that life is truly unfair, in fact in severely unfair.
Before we look at the different Social/Psychological Determinants of Health it is important firstly to define what a social determinant of health is. According to the World Health Organization (2017) “The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age.” These conditions are as a result of a wide range of factors that are ultimately governed by the way in which money, power and specific resources are shared at different levels including those at global, national and local levels. We have all been a part of and will experience different social determinants of health throughout our lives but it is the standard at which we experience these determinants that will ultimately lead onto them affecting our health or ultimately leaving us unaffected. The Social Determinants of Health which I am going to examine include • Education • Unemployment • Stress • Living Conditions • Cultural Norms.
Social Determinants of Health Shelly Clavis Rutgers University School of Nursing Social Determinants of Health Defined Health concerns is an issue that most organizations have formed a pact to safely deal with the challenge. The main agenda focuses on the eradication of health inequalities that may exist in most countries. It is best suited that social determinants are accorded the much-needed attention since they affect a number of people. In assessing the factors that affect one’s health, genetic disposition, personal behaviors, ability to obtain healthcare and the overall environment in which an individual resides are to be considered. Social determinants of Health are issues that deals with the conditions that people have found constructed in a society and acts as a parcel in their lives, such as; growth, age and some of the more complex systems that construct a society which include economic policies and their systems that include social norms, development goals and the basic political system that they are indulged under (World Health Organization, 2008).
Throughout the quiz it many questions were stated about health and how it is different in the U.S. It shows how American life expectancy is placed twenty-ninth place compared to other countries, even though fifty years ago, American life expectancy was placed in the first five percent. It truly sheds light on how life expectancy is dramatically changing among the American population. Even though America is
Annotated Bibliography Marmot, M. (2005). Social determinants of health inequalities. The Lancet, 365, 1099 1104. This journal article illustrates that many countries have enormous disparities in health.
The term social determinants of health, can be defined as a ‘set of conditions in which people are born, grow up, live and work.’ These conditions include housing, education, financial security and the environment along with the healthcare service. (http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/438838/01.12_Health_inequalities_and_the_social_determinants_of_health.pdf) These factors are affected by the amount of money, power and resources that are available at a global, national and local level. Social determinants of health are linked to health inequalities according to the World Health Organisation, health inequalities are ‘the unfair and avoidable differences in health status seen within and between countries.’
However, China’s life expectancy and infant mortality rates are significantly better than that of India. India’s female life expectancy for females being 9 years shorter than in China’s, and India’s infant mortality rate is at a shockingly higher 32.2 deaths per 1000 births (IHME, n.d. E). Although China is still a developing country, much of its health reflects similar values to developed
Health outcomes among people depend upon the resources that people have to live a quality life. The variations with the money distribution and power derive such circumstances and induce inequalities in health at domestic and global levels where they have become unavoidable at present (Vega & Frenz, 2013). It has been stated that income, housing as well as environment are the major categories undermining all the factors of social determinants as mentioned earlier. Individuals, groups and communities are negatively influenced by these factors in their health status. Governments of all nations have undertaken several measures to tackle the risks arising from these conditions (Chapman, 2010).
The article “Rich People Are Living Longer. That’s Tilting Social Security in Their Favor” written by Neil Irwin is about the high costs of Social Security for the federal government. The article focuses on the statistics of the “rich” living longer therefore their Social Security payout in the long run being larger than the “poor” who do not typically live as long. Social Security becomes perhaps wasteful, as the rich do not really need their Social Security versus the poor who are dependent on it.
These factors are known as the Social Determinants of health. “The social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age, including the health system” (WHO). Dalgren & Whitehead (1991) image of the social determinants of health aims to show the relationship between the person, their environment and their health. The modifiable factors, people’s age, gender and race lie in the centre surrounded by non modifiable factors like profession, housing, education and public policy. There is a direct relationship between people’s environment and their health, e.g. people who live in damp housing have a higher incidence of respiratory health problems (Farell et al.
Relative poverty considers the status of each individual or household in relation to the status of other individuals, households in the community, or other social groupings, taking into account the context in which it occurs (i.e. their position within the distribution of that population). Relative poverty typically changes spatially and temporally, and measures of relative poverty are therefore not necessarily comparable between locations (due to the differing social stratification between communities) or over time. The relative approach examines poverty in the context of inequality within a society, though they should not be conflated. According to FAO (2006) it is the condition in which people lack the minimum amount of income requirements in order to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live. Moreover, it is defined relative to the members of a society and, therefore, differs across countries.
Social determinants of health depend on social, environmental and economic conditions in societies (EuroHealthNet, n.d.). These factors and conditions, together with the age, sex and hereditary factors of a person, are interlinked and influence the health status of the individual, because a person is born, grows, lives, works and ages in these conditions (Equity Action, 2010). The living and working conditions include agriculture and food production, education, work and environment, unemployment, water and sanitation, health care services and housing (Marmot, Health inequalities in the EU, 2013, p. 40). In addition, it is clear that equal access to good health is hard to achieve, and it can be done so, if disadvantages are assessed, and that necessary measures should be taken (Stegeman, Costongs, & Needle,
Equality, like fairness, is an important value in most societies. Irrespective of ideology, culture, and religion, people care about inequality. Widening inequality also has significant implications for growth and macroeconomic stability, it can concentrate political and decision making power in the hands of a few, lead to a suboptimal use of human resources, cause investment-reducing political and economic instability, and raise crisis risk. The economic and social fallout from the global financial crisis and the resultant headwinds to global growth and employment have heightened the attention to rising income inequality.
Urbanization To what extent is urbanization a critical driver of social instability, failure of infrastructure, water crises & the spread of infectious diseases? Urbanization is basically the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in the urban areas or a specific area, and the ways in how the society adapts to it. Urbanization can be a good impact to a country and has the ability to improve its economy and the life of people but it also has the ability to destroy the country and the life of all the people that exist there. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE:
