Economic Inequality In Brazil

The political system of a country is the driving force of wanting to create a better and more optimized nation. Legislature can however, have a very negative agenda and counterproductive results, that does not benefit every individual in the country. Brazil and many other progressive countries like it has an issue with the poverty population being overrepresented by Afro- Brazilians. The main questions at hand are why is the poverty population majority afro- Brazilian? Which may have a lot to do with eugenics being involved with Brazil’s politics and the salary gap. What has Brazil public administrators created policies to fix this issue? The shift of focus in policies, in order to close the huge gap of inequality; and whether the policies

Moving on later into the timeline, in which The "whitening" (Telles 2015, 152) out the Africans were showing a result of a decrease in percentile according to the census that were being performed in the years "1872, 1890, 1940, 1950, 1960, 1980, and 1991" (Reichmann). The races in Brazil are not defined by the typical Caucasian, African, Hispanic, Asian etc.. But more along the lines as "branco (white), preto (black), pardo (brown),amarelo (yellow), and indigena (indigenous)" (Spencer) more of a description of skin tone than actual races. In fact, this description of skin tone were just "established as a subcategory of socioeconomic condition, divided between slaves and free citizens" (Reichmann). it is peculiar to find that Brazil all together ignored that there was racial tension due to the introduction of racial democracy which was created by Freyre (Spencer). This was a temporary fix because it ignored the socioeconomic issues that Afro-Brazilians faced; for example, the educational gap between the Euro and Afro Brazilians, in which there are significant disparities with the quality of education, “students from the poorest families are overrepresented in public schools, which typically provide education of lower quality” (Gardin 2007, 6). The educational

However, Prior before the supreme court’s ruling for affirmative action with higher education, Lula had created multiple programs to help bridge the gap of inequality between Afro-Brazilians such as the SEPPIR: The Promotion of Racial Equality Policies which primary goal was to”{implement the requirement of} teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian History and culture in all primary and secondary schools” (Bailey, Fialho, and Peria 2015, 6) as well as providing financial aid for Afro-Brazilians. In 2010, the first policies of affirmative action for education, employment, and create better access to health care (Bailey, Fialho, and Peria 2015, 6). The “University Council” (Bailey, Fialho, and Peria 2015, 2) played a major role in the decision to have racially based affirmative action in higher education, in order to aid in the “reverse for a period of 10 years 20% of their admission spots for negros [Afro-Brazilians]” (Bailey, Fialho, and Peria 2015, 2). When racial based policies were first being discussed to help aid in the fixing the racial disparities, many of the Administrators felt that their policies would not be favored due to “the racial democracy ideology” (Bailey, Fialho, and Peria 2015, 3), however most of Brazil public