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John Bowlby´s Attachment Theory: What´s Attachment Theory?

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INTRO Attachment theory is the idea that a child needs to form a close relationship with at least one primary caregivers , this theory provided that attachment is necessary to ensure successful social emotional development of an infant. This is a very crucial stage in occurs in the early infant years this factors relationships with the child and the primary child care giver. In this case the parents and the educator can share the primary role. John Bowlby began researching after he graduated, he believed the attached processed involved the cognitive emotional and social features of attachment. Stating four different style of attachment and how they can all have leading factors as well as long term affects. Bowlby’s evolution theory of attachment states children are almost “pre programmed” to form attachment’s in order to survive what kind of attachment they will form now that really depends on the care giver . Body 1 To begin we have secure attachment this attachment style is classified as children who show some distress …show more content…

He provided the four attachment styles , Ainsworth then built up upon the foundation of attachment .( Attachment Theory , 2016 ) Like Bowlby Ainsworth she believed in Homeostatic systems but she took the research further with the strange situation With a failure of the intimal attachment can result in long term effects of the child’s development . Care givers pay a crucial part in the development of a child its important that they always tend to the child’s needs in an appropriate manner so that the child can have a healthy bond and development through infancy into adult hood .( Firestone ,2013) Its evident through research and studies that attachment is important for the caregiver and most importantly the infant . ( McLead ,

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Mary Ainsworth is known best for her elaboration work of John Bowlby and his attachment theory. She developed a procedure for the observation and assessing the quality of attachment in relationships between the child and a caregiver. The procedure was called the ‘Strange Situation’. In the experiment the child was observed playing for twenty minutes. Meanwhile the caregivers and strangers enter and leave the room.

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(Carpenter and Huffman, 2013 p.278) In her studies of infants, she placed the mother in a room with the child (securely attached), then introduced a stranger to the child(anxious/ambivalent), then the mother would leave the room leaving the stranger with the child(anxious/avoidant), then mother would return (disorganized/disoriented attachment). Observations of the child's reactions towards the mother and stranger in each of these segments were analyzed. From this, Ainsworth was able to conclude the bonding the child had toward their mother. The more attached the child, the more they responded to the mother coming and going, either by clinging, crying or following.

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Comparing John Bowlby And Mary Ainsworth's Theories

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Although we are studying theories, some of them appear to explain human behavior and personality with certain accuracy. John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth theories of attachment can also explain what happens to people when attachment to their parents or caregivers is healthy or potential problems that could occur due to detachments. They suggest that individuals raised with secure attachments to their primary caregivers help them to feel secure; moreover, these children appear to be more socially skilled and less likely to experience major emotional disturbances. However, failure to form healthy attachments, especially mother-child, could serve as a descriptive mechanism for many negative psychological outcomes later in the life of an individual,

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His idea of the theory was that when infants became attached to adults whom are responsive and sensitive during the social interactions and form a maintained caregiving relationship during the 6 months to 3 years of life (McLeod). Without the development of attachment, children could suffer from serious impairments both psychological and social. This process establishes various forms of attachment, which in the future will guide the thoughts, feelings, and expectations in children as adults in their future relationships. In this paper, there will be explanations, examples, and other psychologist discussing their attachment theories. There are four different style of attachment in adults; Secure, Dismissive, Preoccupied, and Fearful-Avoidant.

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What Is John Bowlby's Attachment Theory

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The attachment theory of John Bowlby has had an enduring impact on our understanding of child development. This study of Bowlby’s attachment theory allows us to understand more thoroughly how society and culture in constructing child rearing practices have a profound impact not only on the child but on the entire learning life of that individual. Attachment theory provides us with a lifelong learning project that brings together deep psychological patterns. Knowing that Bowlby does not do justice to the social and cultural factors that impact on development. At the core of a critical adult learning theory it is necessary to imagine how the cultures and societies, in which we live, interact with and influence the ways in which people relate

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Theories (Erikson & Attachment) According to Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, trust vs. mistrust, occurs in the first year of life. Erikson believed that the caregiver’s response to the infant’s cries help them develop a sense of trust, when the caregiver responds right away to the infant’s distress of crying or fussing (Mooney, 2000). Erikson believed that in the earliest years of life, mainly during infancy, patterns of trust or mistrust are formed that control, or at least influence, a person’s actions or interactions for the rest of life (Erikson, 1950). Bowlby hypothesized that children are born with a predisposition to be attached to caregivers and that children will organize their behavior and thinking in order to maintain those relationships (Bettmann, 2006).

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339 Words | 2 Pages

In 1969, John Bowlby made the connection that formed relationships and attachments to caregivers contributes to future development and growth. The attachment theory focuses on relationship association between caregivers and their children. Children who established a foundation with a caregiver despite their biological relation, gain much needed support. Establishing support, encourages a child’s development. The comfort of safety, allows children to feel secure in taking risks (Groman, 2012).

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The babies were visited monthly and the carers were also observed and interviewed. A diary was also kept by the primary care giver (usually the mother) three measure were recorded. The first was stranger anxiety – the response to the arrival of a stranger, the second was separation anxiety – the distress levels when separated from the career and the degree of comfort upon their return and finally social referencing – the degree that the child looks at the carer to check how they should respond to something new (this is referred to as secure base). They discovered that a baby’s attachment follows in this sequence. • 0-6 weeks – Asocial –

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What is attachment theory? Attachment theory is based on findings from empirical research, from observational studies and from clinical examples; it’s a framework for understanding the nature of the enduring family bonds that develop between children and their parents - their attachment figures. The theory focuses mainly on relationships during early childhood, and the impact that these have on the emotional development and mental health of children as they grow up. Babies and toddlers have a powerful survival reaction to sense danger whenever they are in unfamiliar places and have no access to an attachment figure, preferably to their primary attachment figure (who is usually but not necessarily their biological mother). This sense of danger

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Attachment Theory: Secure Ambivalent And Avoidant

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Author: This paper will describe important information for assignment one. Part Two- Assignment One Throughout history, there have been many individuals who have experience attachment theory in different ways: secure, ambivalent, and avoidant. According to Seccombe (2015), “Attachment theory is a theory postulating the way in which infants from attachments early in life affects relationships throughout later life” (p. 101).

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John Bowlby's Theory Of Socio-Emotional And Infant Development

1354 Words | 6 Pages

In addition, some infants are classified as disorganized/disoriented with regard to attachment as they are not able to settle in to a single, organized attachment pattern when in distress. Instead, they become disoriented or resort to conflicting behavioral strategies. Attachments are not characteristic of either the caregivers or infants. It is the relationship bonds overtime between emotion and behaviors as infant and caregiver interact, particularly when infant needs for comfort are of concern. Sense of trust develops when a baby’s needs are responded to.

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785 Words | 4 Pages

A human baby is born with poorly developed sight and is unable to move. As a consequence to this he is vulnerable and is completely dependent on a carer for survival (Winston, 2003). To improve the chances of survival, the baby is born with pre-programmed and automatic behaviour which are prompted by environmental factors (Bergen, 2008). Bowlby theorised that when a young child feels distressed, frightened or confused, attachment behaviour is triggered and this serves to bring the child closer to their mother* who provides the desired comfort, care and protection (Bowlby,

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attachment theory has helped many researchers to identify children who are exposed to adversity. It assists therapist to help not only infants and parents But, also adults who experience lack of attachment in their relationships. Attachment theory has been an important value to the child services and social workers today. It helps to identify if the child has a lack of attachment to their caregiver it also detect red flag if the child is not happy in their home environment.

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1137 Words | 5 Pages

Through factors such as cognitive development of the infant, attentive care and intimate interactions with a primary caregiver, the attachment relationship is created – shaping the infants- caregiver bond. By examining the interactions between an infant and their primary caregiver, we can identify secure, insecure and disorganized attachment (Ainsworth, 1978; Cassidy 1994); which can reveal a great deal about the relationship between the infant and attachment figure. Overall, the quality of attachment bonds formed in the early years can have long lasting effects on an infant’s emotional security and social competence; not only shaping their ability to form relationships, but laying the foundations for the social, emotional and mental development of the

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