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British colonialism in nigeria summary
Early colonialism and colonial rule in Nigeria
Early colonialism and colonial rule in Nigeria
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The American colonialists developed themselves within the colonies to the extent of leaving a big mark within the areas they administered (Nash, 10-35). By the time of the American Revolution, the colonialists had established a unifying identity amongst themselves that made them distinct from others. The unifying identities covered various areas such as trade and commerce, administration and laws they passed to govern the colonies. Most of the unifying factors that gave then a distinct identity were based on the need to satisfy their personal and collective goals while others were a reaction to the activities or acts by the local population in the areas they administered. This paper discusses the extent to which the colonialists established themselves before the American Revolution that gave them a sense of unity.
Colonialism /kəˈlōnēəˌlizəm/ is the policy or practicing of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. Colonization dehumanizes both the colonized and colonizer and becomes a means of “civilizing” the colonized as a justification for colonization. Former Pan-Africanist, W.E.B. Du Bois and Walter Rodney are important figures to analyze when discussing colonialism. Even though both men had different perspectives of colonialism, their ideas work hand and hand. Rodney looked at colonialism from an economic standpoint and believed colonialization made African persons invisible, and stripped them of civilization which eventually cause the underdevelopment that exist
In the race of European imperialism, European countries dominated innocent African colonies. The driving force behind this? Africa’s bountiful resources. Before Africa’s colonization, the European presence in Africa was extremely limited, mainly due to lack of exploration and diseases (Background Essay). However, this changed as European prominence became largely influential through the discovery of Africa’s resource rich lands.
Colonialism and Imperialism affected our world both positively and negatively. On one hand, Imperialism has often been linked with racial segregation, manipulation, and hardship. On the other, it has been said that many colonial powers contributed much in terms of schools, roads, railways, and much more. Whether this time period was constructive or harmful, it has played a large part in shaping our lives today. European Imperialism started long before the 1800’s.
Imperialism improved the lives of the colonized people to a limited extent because although the improvement in infrastructure increased economic progress, ultimately, it lowered self-sufficiency and brought economic disparity by holding massive economic and political power and, in addition, severely depopulated the colonized countries due to forced labor and mismanaged famines. Despite major negative effects of imperialism, one-way imperialism advanced the life of the colonized was by the creation of infrastructure mainly railway networks which brought significant economic growth to the colonies. In case of Nigeria, “as railroad lines were constructed to transport tin… and cotton… public works such as harbor dredging, roads, and railroad constructions,
Even out of the Age of Imperialism, cultural powers in the world continue to impose their influence on weaker nations. In the 20th century the British used India’s resources for trade, several world powers colonized Africa, and Japan was forcefully Westernized. Imperialism and its perceived benefits are harrowingly outweighed by the loss of culture, sovereignty, and freedom that the colonized group faces. The British Raj was in operation for almost a century. Britain stumbled blindly upon the acquisition of India while attempting to expand their tea trading network and resources.
The historical phenomenon of colonization is one of the stretches around the globe and across the time. Colonization or imperialism is the process of settling among and chartering control over homegrown people of an area. Colonization was first led by Spain and Portugal, in search of riches and trade routes mainly. Then it was followed by England, French and many others who left for different reasons. British brought the geographic and political units formerly under their supervision, including dominions, colonies, and dependencies.
In this way there was a great economic exploitation for the colonized people, since they established commercial monopolies, which were selling products at high prices, but using cheap materials and this made the imperialists take advantage of the colonists. On the other hand, they had the colonized population working in an ex-generated way and were not fair in pay, the colonists worked by hours and what they earned was minimal and not fair. Because the colonist people did not have labor rights or insurance, this allowed them to be exploited. Since the imperialists believed that they had power over the colonists, the imperialists seized the lands of the colonist population, and everything mattered for the use of the imperialists, leaving aside the profit that the colonists had to
“Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force” Dictionary Definition of Imperialism. In 1750 - 1900, European countries wanted to build empires all over the world; they wanted to provide materials for industrialization. Even though European countries, like France, Great Britain and Portugal, had very few establishments in Africa, they were constantly trading with them. Later, as Europeans tried conquer African land, native people became frustrated and upset; in response to imperialism. As Europeans states industrialized, they wanted to expand overseas and establish colonies in Africa.
So Europe invaded Africa, took possession of Africa, and divided Africa into colonies of Europe. The period of invasion, lasting some twenty years, was more or less completed by 1900. There followed a longer period, between sixty and ninety years, of direct European rule, called colonial rule. This was a time of profound upheaval for all of Africa’s peoples. It brought irreversible changes” (4).
Achebe uses characterization to expose how colonialism affected the Igbo culture. Achebe uses indirect characterization to show the true nature of the white settlers. In the line ‘Mr.Smith had rebuked him in very strong language, and had not sought his advice in the morning.’ He lets the reader deduce Mr Smith’s personality. From the above sentence, it can be seen that Mr Smith was arrogant and full of himself ; he did not want to listen to other people advices.
Through the way that The Headstrong Historian portrays the topic of assimilation and the creation of the “Nigerian middle-class”, we are shown the historical accuracy of The Headstrong Historian. The British assimilated many Nigerians through education. Because of the many benefits to be gained from a European education, by the late 19th century, more and more Nigerians were taking
This essay will evaluate the question `why did the differences between Northern and Southern Nigeria become so evident in the fifteen years following independence from British rule? ´. To answer to this question, this paper will investigate areas directly affected by both the coming of colonialism as well as its departure, such as politics and leadership, religious and ethnic differences as well as economic difference between these regions. Furthermore establishing a concrete overview as to how Nigeria was run under the British
“Military men would always overthrow one another, because they could, because they were all power drunk” (24) illustrates the internal governmental struggle in Nigeria during this book and a result of the “bloody coups of the sixties” (24). Nigeria is industrialized due to colonization of the British (Hurst) and is shown to be true as Papa owns a factory and newspaper branch known as “the Standard” (24). The industrialization of Nigeria is a direct effect from the colonization of Africa during the majority of the twentieth century. The colonization and the independence of Nigeria from Britain in 1960 led to an “ethnic tension in
Discourse on colonialism generally results in the different opinions of the colonizer and the colonized. The upshot of such discourse shows that colonialism has divergent interpretations. For the colonizer, it is ‘a civilizing mission’; to the colonized, it is exploitation. Such concept is better understood when both the views are studied with an objective approach. Things Fall Apart is a perfect novel to study colonialism as it deals with the perspectives of the colonizer and the colonized.