ipl-logo

Equilibrium Bond Lab

3375 Words14 Pages

Using a Rotational Spectrum to Determine Equilibrium Bond Length and Related Rovibrational Constants
Michelle Plavnik
Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States

PAGE 2

ABSTRACT: Global warming's effects and the amounts of greenhouse gases needs to be reduced, and by identifying the properties and identities of the molecules causing the effect, the gases can be eliminated. Rovibrational spectroscopy is an identification technique. The purpose of this lab is to examine how plausible the approach of determining rovibrational constants and related values from spectra is. This goal was investigated by taking the rovibrational spectra of HCl. From this spectrum, plots were made and analyzed, and from that analysis …show more content…

Temperatures have been steadily increasing causing environmental changes in ecosystems and rising sea levels. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is the scenario in which certain molecules trap the radiation from the sun in earth's atmosphere. These molecules include carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs). 1 All of these compounds are infrared active, which means infrared radiation excites transitions of their electrons. Because they are infrared active, they can be identified from infrared spectra.2 The spectrum gives two main pieces of information: the intensity of the peak and the frequency of the transition. The intensity can be used to identify the concentration of the compound, and the frequency can be used to identify the compound …show more content…

Once known, this information can be used to manipulate the molecules in certain ways, mainly for the purpose of eliminating them from the atmosphere. By reducing the amount of greenhouse gases, the greenhouse effect will be lessened. In addition, greenhouse gases obstruct what astrochemists can see, so by reducing their presence in the atmosphere astrochemists can more effectively complete their observations. 2 Analyzing spectra is a way to observe how molecules interact with energy. Molecules have several ways of storing and expressing energy. They can do so through translational, electronic, vibrational, and rotational transitions. Electronic transitions hold more energy than vibrational transitions, which hold more energy than rotational transitions. The total energy of the system would be the sum of the quantum energy levels.2 The harmonic oscillator is a model of a system that stores and expresses vibrational energy. It begins in classical physics with a weight attached to a spring, which is attached to a solid immobile surface. This weight can oscillate back and forth on the spring. When this model is applied to atoms and molecules, the bond between the two atoms becomes the spring. The vibrational motion between the two atoms is the oscillation. The potential energy of the ball or atom is found, and this is used to predict the energy levels of the

Show More
Related

Mass And Springs Salt Simulation

409 Words | 2 Pages

For this experiment, I used the online Mass & Springs PhET simulator to perform the experiment. First, I positioned the ruler so that 0 was on the line at which the end of the spring was at rest. Then, I put a 50g weight on the end of the spring and let the spring come to rest. After that, I pulled the spring down 10cm and released. I recorded the point at which the spring’s rebound stopped.

Read More

The Pros And Cons Of Chlorofluorocarbon

1255 Words | 6 Pages

I. Introduction Long ago, since ancient time humans have been using energy and striving for the betterment of themselves, it all began with the use of tools which led to the discovery of fire, from this great breakthrough, humans evolved exponentially. Eons have passed and humans are still using fire to ease their daily lives from cooking, mobility and electricity, but due to the increase in advancement of technologies, it has also increased damages to the planet, thus the governments had started to move towards a producing or replacing the old harmful substance to a less harmful ones, but since one of the most used and one of the highest cause of ozone depletion is chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), it has been banned from production due to the Montreal Protocol 1991, one of the causes as to why it was banned is one of the chemicals it contain is chlorine, once a certain condition is met it depletes the ozone layer, ergo with earth shield compromised more harmful ultraviolet rays will get into the planet, thus only the reservoir of CFC are being used today, now it’s a race against time to replace this CFC with other materials that is less harmful and either as or more efficient than it. There are not a lot of ways to replace chlorofluorocarbon. Some of the most prominent ones are hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC), hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) and magneto caloric effect (MCE).

Read More

Ballistic Momentum: Dalton Ledford And Tiger F

979 Words | 4 Pages

Ballistic Pendulum Lab Dalton Ledford and Tiger Frick The purpose of the lab was to find the velocity of a brass ball as it left the muzzle of a cannon and nearly immediately collided with a pendulum. This teaches us about the transformation of energies and transfers of momentums in collisions. Background: In this lab we used conservation of momentum, conservation of energy, and pendulums to complete the lab.

Read More

Parallax Physics

566 Words | 3 Pages

HW #4 Chp 0 # 12, 13, 14 12) The motion of a relatively close object with a more distant background as the location of the observer changes. An example of a parallax would be the needle style speedometer gauge in the dashboard of a motor vehicle. When looking straight ahead, it will show you the exact speed. But when viewed from the passenger seat, due to the angle the needle may appear to be at a different speed.

Read More

Understand The Relationship Between Frequency And Wavelength

1429 Words | 6 Pages

Throughout the course of engineering, the class has been learning about the concept of frequency and wavelength. Frequency is know as a the amount of number of waves that passes a specific point on a per second. A wavelength is equal to the distance between two running waves. In life, people don’t usually think that frequency or wavelength is included in on our daily day life. Well, they are wrong wavelength and frequency are used in our daily day life, people use these two concepts when they are listening to music or when a musician is playing an instrument.

Read More

Mass Functions Of Supermassive Black Holes Across Cosmic Time

720 Words | 3 Pages

Spectral lines are a bright line resulting from emissions of light in a very narrow frequency range. These lines are very strong radio emission lines. A light curve in AGN in simple terms means brightness verse time. Brightness

Read More

Simple Rocket Theory: Only A Simple Water Bottle Rocket

1084 Words | 5 Pages

It is this energy that really adds acceleration to the

Read More

Gore's Argument Essay: The Fight For Climate Change

1280 Words | 6 Pages

He explains that the Carbon dioxide and methane are needed in small qualities to keep the earths at balanced the temperature, however if the gases increase – the result increase in average temperature worldwide. To demonstration this he in a lab experiment he used a glass jar with a small globe, thermometer and then fed the jar with carbon dioxide. The heat lamps were placed over the jars and as was suspected the temperature began rising. This analogy bring us to the conclusion that increased insulating gases such as carbon dioxide does cause temperatures to rise, as the carbon dioxide traps more of the earth’s radiant heat. Anthony Marr a geophysicist also argues that the increase of Latent heat or Enthalpy will affect the hottest and coldest areas in the world.

Read More

Nuclear Power After Ww2

1172 Words | 5 Pages

These gases can cause adverse effects on the ecosystem. Greenhouse gases are harming plants’ ability to perform photosynthesis and are sullying clean air. These greenhouse gases also lead to the breakdown of the ozone layer, allowing harmful radiation to reach earth’s surface. Scientists have been working to find alternate energy sources that do not harm to atmosphere, like nuclear power. The only waste given off into the air is steam, which is harmless.

Read More

Energy: The Law Of Conservation Of Energy

1091 Words | 5 Pages

Upon the removal of the load or force, an object would return to its original size and shape. Mathematically, this can be expressed as F=kx, where F is the deforming force, x is the size of the deformation, and k is the spring constant. In this experiment, the spring constant of the plunger can be determined by applying force on the spring and recording the displacement of the spring plunger. When the force is plotted versus displacement, the slope of the resulting straight line is equal to the spring constant, k. To get the spring potential energy, the formula PEspring = ½ kx2.

Read More

Methane Role In The Atmosphere

867 Words | 4 Pages

Fortunately, there is really nothing to worry about, scientifically. The main thing to worry about is over-reacting politicians and another layer of unnecessary government regulations. To understand methane’s role in the atmosphere, first it’s necessary to understand what absorption means. When light passes through a gas (sunlight through air, for example), some molecules in the gas might absorb a photon of light and jump up to an excited state. Every molecule is capable of absorbing some particular wavelengths of light, and no molecule absorbs all the light that comes along.

Read More

Quantitative Evaluative Research

1794 Words | 8 Pages

The analysis and graph plotting were carried out using Sigma Plot 12.0 (Systat Software,

Read More

Proposal For Global Warming

1197 Words | 5 Pages

These gases retain heat on earth thus increasing the temperature above average. Different gases have dissimilar abilities to trap heat. Deforestation is also another important reason for global warming. Plants release oxygen and take in carbon, thus providing us a clean and healthy environment. But by deforesting the lands, the trees would emit the carbon stored in them from hundreds of years making the air impure.

Read More

Hydrogen Fuel Economy

2031 Words | 9 Pages

They also made a comparison to carbon dioxide, about the global warming potential that hydrogen may possess. The overall results from their studies suggested that hydrogen would disrupt methane and ozone in the atmosphere. It would cause methane’s lifetime to prolong and cause ozone depletion, ozone which is needed in the stratosphere to block harmful ultra-violet rays from the sun. Therefore hydrogen can be seen as an indirect greenhouse gas that can contribute to global warming.

Read More

Global Warming: The Greenhouse Effect

823 Words | 4 Pages

Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and the fluorinated gases are all well-mixed gases in the atmosphere that do not react to changes in temperature and air pressure, so the levels of these gases are not affected by condensation. Carbon dioxide and the other non-condensing greenhouse gases are the main component of gases within the Earth's atmosphere that sustain the greenhouse effect and which control its strength. Impact of Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse effect is a natural process that occur in which allows the Earth to retain some of the heat from the sun. The main function of the greenhouse effect is to warm the surrounding of the environment. However, the excessive of the greenhouse gases causes the gases in the atmosphere trap energy

Read More

More about Equilibrium Bond Lab

Related Topics

Open Document