3.2 Intersectionality and violence against women Monk (2011, pp. 113-114) observed that intersectionality has an ambiguity and somewhat confusing but it offers comprehensive tools for violence against women. Violence against women can specifically be analysed with intersectionality in the same context it actually executed (Monk, 2011, p. 106). In Pakistan degree of violence against women is different and depends on classes and rural/urban areas because rural areas has strong patriarchal structures than urban areas and women of upper and middle class has more control over their lives because of their efforts in education and employment and thus have lower percentage of violence (Ballantine, et al., 2017, pp. 2-5). For Pakistan this approach …show more content…
This feature is applicable to Pakistan as Bhattacharya, (2014, p.186) accounted the legal system, religious extremism and its abuse for the dilemma of women in Pakistan and the way they are discriminated in different ways. Intersectional theory is encompassed to international level and wide range of experiences and power structures of different genders, ethnicities and sexual orientations that has an ability to analyze conflicting trajectories of equality (Devon, et al., 2013, pp.305-306). Critics of intersectionality believe that there is no particular position of intersectionality and ability to illustrate larger picture (Devon, et al., 2013, pp.305-306). On contrary researchers have found that when intersectionality theory is applied to social building and political change it emphasize commonalities and create solidarity among different political groups and that helps in the mutual acknowledgement of oppression structures and the struggles linked to those oppressions (ibid, 2013, pp.305-306). This can be an analytical tool for analysing the society of Pakistan as women in Pakistan are exposing to radical social evils under the grab of religion and culture (Bhattacharya, 2014, p. 188). Bhattacharya …show more content…
311). Thus the theory is helpful in finding hidden circumstances of oppression against women in Karachi. Intersetionality has a perspective that social categories are not static and historically grounded which are constantly constructed, deconstructed and reconstructed (Hankivsky, et al., 2009, p.5). In this way it can be said that, intersectionality is a work in progress and one can endeavour with those issues which were not explored before and in social science research it can make development (Devon et al., 2013,