Disinfection Chemicals
Introduction
Water disinfection is removal, deactivation or elimination of pathogenic bacteria. Bacteria gets damaged or even deactivated, disabling reproduction. Disinfectants must not just eliminate bacteria. They must have residual effect. The disinfectant must not allow pathogenic bacteria to develop within the domestic plumbing after disinfection, causing water being decontaminated. Chemical disinfection of water the uses following disinfectants. Chlorine, Chlorine dioxide, Ozone, Hypochlorous, Phenols, Hydrogen peroxide and many others. While physical disinfection involves Ultraviolet, sun light, Digital radiation, High temperature etc. (1)
Chlorination
Chlorine is most commonly employed disinfectants for drinking water disinfection. Chlorine can be applied for the deactivation of most bacteria and it 's relatively cheap. Chlorine has been used for applications, such as the deactivation of pathogens in drinking water for more than two hundred years. Chlorine has played vital role in lengthening the average life of humans.
Chlorine kills bacteria and viruses infections by breaking the molecular bonds. Disinfectants
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Oxidizing capacity is less then ozone but much stronger than chlorine and chloramines. Chlorine dioxide sanitizes through oxidation. It is the main biocide that is an atomic free radical. It has 19 electrons and has an inclination for substances that takes an electron. On the other hand chlorine when reacts with any substance it adds chlorine molecule or substitutes chlorine atom from substance. Chlorine dioxide responds specifically with amino acids and the RNA in the cell. It is not clear whether chlorine dioxide attacks the cell structure or the acids inside the cell. The generation of proteins is avoided. Chlorine dioxide influences the cell layer by changing film proteins and fats and by anticipation of