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Ethical Principles Discussed In The Belmont Report And Why They Are Important To Subject Participating In Research?

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1. List the major ethical principles discussed in the Belmont Report and why they are important to subject participating in research? Include in your discussion 4 specific benefits and 4 specific risks to participants/subjects of research. Give an example for each benefit and risk.
• Basic Ethical Principles:
1. Respect for Persons
 Respect for persons is the first ethical principle listed in the Belmont Report which can be broken down by two defining qualities. First, that all individuals should be seen and treated with autonomy, meaning they can make decisions own their own given a set of information. Second, any individuals who may not have full or partial capacity to make autonomous decisions should be protected. In the spirit of …show more content…

When were Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) created in the United States? What is the purpose of an institutional review board, why were they created (IRBs)? Historically discuss 2 specific events that lead to the creation of the IRBs in the United States and why were they important?
• Although Dr. Shannon, director of the national institute of health (NIH), had pushed for an ethics review board for medical research since the early 1950s, it took a while to get things off the ground. In 1966, a US Health Service Policy expanded policies for ethical review boards to include the department of Health Education and Welfare. In 1974, the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) were introduced. Institutional Review Boards did not become mandated by the FDA until 1981 (Grady, 2015).
• IRBs are research ethics committees that serve to protect human research participants. Members of an IRB independent from the research team and are tasked with evaluating the proposed research based on ethics, rule and legislation compliance, and the general welfare of human subjects
• Although there were several experiments taking place in the early half of the 1900s, only few had fully come to light. First, the experiments being conducted in Nazi concentration camps and second the Tuskegee Syphilis

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