In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, a play using the Salem Witch Trials as an allegory for the Red Scare, villagers are engulfed by chaos and hysteria as a group of teenage girls, led by Abigail Williams, leads everyone to believe that witchcraft and the Devil are working within Salem. John Proctor, a Salem farmer, had an affair with Abigail, which summits to the witch trials and is caught in the middle of the conflict, eventually being accused of witchcraft among many others. After Mary Warren, his servant girl betrays him and pretends that he works for the Devil, Danforth, the judge asks Proctor if he will either confess to being a witch of if he will keep his “black allegiance” to the Devil. Proctor wildly responds, “I say—I say—God is dead!”