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Segregation in the usa 1950-60
Trial court brown v board of education
Significance of brown vs board of education
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The Brown v Board of Education and the lynching of Emmitt Till fueled the Civil Right Movement to continue to challenge segregation, the Montgomery bus Boycott in Alabaman took years of planning by black communities, black colleges and the Women political Council (WPC) and the NAACP to start challenging segregation. The mayor of was ask by WPC to end segregating in the buses but the plead fell on deaf ears. The first Attempt was on Mach 2, 1955 with Claudette Colvin a 15 year-old student, was asked to give up her sit for a white man, she would not give up her sit. The police were called to remove her and allegedly assaulted the arresting police officer. For this reason, Colvin was not used to challenge segregation in the buses.
In William H. Chafe’s novel, Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom, Chafe used evidence from Greensboro, North Carolina to prove his thesis about resistance in the United States from 1945 to 1975. In Chafe’s thesis, he argued that America was resisting civil rights for free blacks. Greensboro was considered one of the most “progressive” areas in the New South and whites seemed to be greatly accepting of the racial changes in the south. Despite the fact that Greensboro appeared so tolerant towards change, there still was a large amount of resistance.
Thanks to the results in the Brown vs. Board of Education (1954) trial, which ruled segregation in American schools as unconstitutional and the Cooper vs. Aaron (1958) trail which ruled that Arkansas could not pass legislation that blocked the ruling of Brown vs. the Board Education, nine African American students were able to attend a white High School in Little Rock Arkansas. In the image above Elizabeth Eckford is walking to Central High School with the protection of the U.S National Guard soldiers while a group of angry white protestors follow her. Elizabeth is shown to be unfazed by the white protestors and continues to walk to school because she wanted the right to an equal education. Even though Elizabeth Eckford was protected, she still
Brown v Board of Education of Topeka in 1954 was a landmark United States Supreme Court Case. The Case was about a Court that declared the state laws for separating public schools for black and white students. A sixty year proceeding in the Brown Case there were a lot of race relations in the U.S. it had been over ruled by racial segregation. The Brown Case served as an agitator for the modern civil rights movement inspiring education to improve everywhere and forming legal means of challenging segregation in all areas of societies.
African Americans were freed from slavery in 1865 and were granted civil rights in 1875. However, In the 1950s and 60s African Americans were restricted under Jim Crow laws, these laws segregated African Americans into “Separate but Equal” facilities and prohibited them from doing things we do normally today. On August 28th, 1955 a young African American boy was kidnapped, tortured and murdered for allegedly whistling at a Caucasian store owner. This young boy was known as Emmett Louis “Bobo” Till. Emmett Till’s murder outraged the African American community and aided the push for desegregation and equality amongst all Americans regardless of race on a national level.
Many historians credit Earl Warren for being one of the first Supreme Court Justice’s that took a stance against segregation but other historians would differ with the fact that Warren’s efforts affected segregation only to a certain extent. His efforts led to other civil rights movements but his and the court’s decisions did not directly change segregation because schools were still very segregated. Because, Chief Justice Warren presided over the court that overturned the decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, and thereby ended legal segregation, he should be credited with helping to put an end to segregation, at least to a certain degree. However, the results of the Brown v. Board case really only set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement to begin,
Plessy V Ferguson gave many southern states the right to implement segregated schools, public transportation, and public places under “Separate but Equal” (Fireside, 99). Brown V Board of Education, which was argued 56 years after Plessy V Ferguson, argued against the segregation of children in public schools based solely on race. To reach a decision the justices in this case found that they could not abide by the precedent set by Plessy V Ferguson and had to look at the effect that segregation had on those in public schooling (“Brown V Board of Education”). And so the decision made by the Supreme Court was impacted greatly by evidence which found that segregation had a detrimental psychological impact on colored students as well as harmful effects on their educational and mental development. Chief Justice Warren said that the main role of public education was to cultivate “cultural values” and “good citizenship” (Irons, 398).
A Right Made Decision Not only the Brown and Board of Education was a prominent historic event in which it highlighted a turning point of the United States government, but its victory also proved how Americans upheld the true meaning of the American Independence Declaration that “all men are created equal”. Supreme Court’s ruled in favor of the Brown and Board of Education and against the states’ law in 1954 was the right decision because it reflects the important role and the great effect of the legislature in translating the laws. Black people were extremely discriminated and heavily stigmatized because of the white racial stereotype prior to 20th century, especially in the southern states. During the Reconstruction period, even though Congress
Brown v Board of Education was a landmark supreme court case. In the 1950s, most of the schools in the United States were racially segregated. This was legal due to Plessy V Ferguson, which stated that segregated schools were constitutional as long as they were equal. However, by the mid-twentieth century, civil rights activists began to take a stand. They began to challenge racial segregation.
Despite that racial segregation in public schools became unconstitutional due to the notable Brown vs. Board of Education court case in 1954, that was merely the beginning of the transformation of American society and acceptance. Subsequently, the new racial movement allowed other minorities to have the courage to defend their civil rights. This was not only a historical moment for minorities, but for women as well. Women, regardless of race, revolted against oppression and traditions. To be politically correct was now discretional.
The significant legacies in the case of Brown v. Board of Education are the confrontation of the ideology with its constant denial of separation was not equal, the right to quality education, “dignity to self,” the creation of black middle class, and the setup of educational standards for personal achievement. Prior to the decision of Brown v. Board of Education, the federal government powered to enforce segregation under the Supreme Court’s ruling of permitting “separate but equal” doctrine towards the treatment between African Americans and whites. The following of the decision of Supreme Court’s ruling in the segregation in public schools considered as a violation to the Constitution shifted the ideas of the Justice Department and federal officials to acceptance of integration instead of obstruction. Education desegregation was not entirely devoted to the idea of inclusion but as well as the decision modified the social construction of the unidentified
Explain how the two rulings are examples of judicial restraint or judicial activism use evidence from the reading to back up your response. The Plessy V. Ferguson1896 case is an example of judicial restraint. It is an example of judicial restraint because the argument Plessy made supports the idea that segregation is not equality, it makes the black race feel inferior. The court disagreed because it isn’t legal or political therefore constitutional by technicality.
There were too many segregated at this time and the educations. Brown v. Board of Education was even become at a point in history because there was still racism. Brown v. Board of Education was warmed people that what they have done was wrong as well as changed the way they felt about the different races and colors. The Brown v. Board of education was
Brown vs. Board of Education (1954) declared that separate public schools for African American and White children is unconstitutional. This ruling paved the way for desegregation and was a major victory for the civil rights movement. In regards to providing an equal education I believe this ruling did help to level the playing field. All students would now be receiving equal education and facilities giving them equal opportunity. I do know that it didn 't exactly go down peacefully and many African Americans still did not receive fair treatment for many many years but it was a stepping stone to move education in the right direction.
The decision behind Brown versus Board of Education is bigger than a “won case “but a case that helped Americans realize interaction, companionship, and learning in a school setting among different races is detrimental and effective. The theory behind the concept was for Americans to change bias thought processes of race and notice success and academic goals is not associated with skin color. For generations to come, it is our responsibility now to reverse racial desegregation not only in schools but everywhere. Brown versus Board of Education was the stepping stone for many to take action. We must continue to
