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Examples Of Cognitive Relativism

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What is right or wrong? The answer cannot be easily explained since according to Luke Steven in the chapter “Relativism: Cognitive and Moral”, we use cognitive relativism as well as moral relativism when we are being faced with a situation in which we must make a decision. Cognitive relativism is when we base our knowledge on what we see and how we interpret the information that is available to us during that time. Most of the time, if we as individuals are not given all the pieces of information provided to us, we have to make rational assumptions when creating an explanation as to why something is the way it is. In lecture, we used the example that some people claimed that they saw a ghost, but because it is not possible to prove that a ghost …show more content…

Our morals also have an impact on our decisions as well because we all have an idea of what is right and what is wrong. An example of moral relativism is when someone is homeless and poor, they make the choice to refrain from stealing money from others because they know that it is morally wrong to do so. Relativism is what helps us make sense of the world around us and I believe that the world is up to us because everyone has different ideas of what the world should be like and there is no right or wrong answer because it is based on subjective thoughts. In real life, one of the main reasons why wars or disputes take place is because we all have different morals and beliefs and sometimes they tend to clash. In the text “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?” we are shown that government officials from the U.S believed that women from Afghanistan wore the burqa because they saw it as a way of oppressing women, but in reality women from Afghanistan make it clear that the burqa is for women who come from higher class families and that women who are respectable wear the

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* The article “Reinventing the veil” by Leila Ahmed discusses how the concept of hijabs has changed over time. Back then many people had the assumption the veils would

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A moral decision is a choice made based on a person’s ethics, beliefs, character, values and judgement. If a store clerk gives you too much change after you purchase something, do you tell them? If your two best friends are in trouble and you can only save one, who do you help? Whether in your regular everyday life, or in extreme and unfortunate circumstances, moral decisions occur often and challenge what you believe in and stand for as a person.

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While I previously viewed the Muslim form of veiling as misogynistic and compulsory; however, Tamira Stephens describes that certain American Muslims see it as empowering (Stephens pg. 5). Furthermore, despite the common belief as veiling being particular to Muslims, Tamira Stephens also reports through her essay that even “more American” subcultures (the Amish) have a form of this practice much closer to my perception of misogyny (cite). Though Stephens’ comparison of the Amish and American Muslim veil serves as a means to subdue any negative stereotypes surrounding the Muslim practice, Stephens’ description of this Islamic practice of veiling can also serve as a testament to the positive effects of pluralism and equality in the United States.

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As modern day people, we allow our environment to impact the way we make decisions, how we speak to people, and how we resolve conflicts. The influence of outside pressures from society, moral obligation, and physical disabilities does not allow many individuals to pursue their dreams. In Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton the tragic story of a farmer and the unfortunate events that led up to his current life. This is then used to reveal the conflict of societal standards that challenge Ethan’s personal desires and keep him from pursuing his dreams.

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Although Canada is one of the world’s most multicultural nations and is regarded as a leader in democracy, it has systematically targeted and excluded Muslim women from participating in their political freedom. Through the examination of the Niqab in Canadian society this essay will explore ways Muslim women have been “othered” in Canadian Society specifically concerned with the potential Niqab ban. A ban on the Niqab challenges and undermines the constitutional rights of Canadian Muslim women across Canada. A ban on the Niqab further segregates and excludes Canadian Muslim Woman, which in result incites a slur of negative outcomes.

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In every day life, we face many situations that require a moral decision. We have to decide what is right and what is wrong? Not always is this an easy task thus, it seems important to analyze how we make our moral decisions. I will start with an analysis of how we make decisions in general

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In 1939, Reza Shah’s unveiling declaration sparked a worldwide debate as to what the veil actually symbolizes. Ever since the beginning of Islam, women throughout the Islamic world have had to adopt the hijab as part of their cultural and religious attire due to various interpretations of the Islamic dress code. In addition, the Koran emphasizes purity in the name of Islam by asking both men and women to be modest when it comes to the way they dress. Furthermore, in his efforts to modernize Iran, Reza Shah failed to satisfy the needs of his people, as he gave women no say in what they could and could not wear in public. This eventually resulted in the division of Iranian women, as there were those who favored the Islamic tradition, and those who supported the regime and its adoption of Western values.

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The issue of the veil has come to represent the essence of Islam, not only to the West, but also to Muslim Conservatives and Fundamentalists. To some in the West, the veil represents repression and constriction of women’s freedom and choice, limiting their capacity for self-determination. However, some Muslims would argue that women must veil because it is a first step towards restoring true Islam and a defiance against the West Interventionist policies (Lazreg, Why Women Should Not Wear the Veil, pg. 113). Additionally, the idea of freedom as the ultimate value, is a western standard and that for some, piety is more important. Lila Abu-Lughod and Marnia Lazreg have contrasting views on the veiling of Muslim women and the affects it has on their lives.

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Our moral beliefs indicate the kind of environment or culture we grew up in. Therefore, if we were born in Somalia, we would believe that it is morally right to go through female circumcision as a rite of passage. However, if we grew up in the western world, then we would not believe in female circumcision. We can therefore see the relativist 's argument of cultural relativism in this case, because if cultural relativism exists, then naturally, morality will also be relative. Additionally, to support his stance, the relativist will also argue that tolerance comes into play when it comes to cultural relativism.

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This is because of moral relativism’s take on ethical dilemmas, and the view that there are a number of disagreements among people as to the nature of morality. An act can

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Moral is a strange thing, it effects the way we act and reach. It effects what we think about others and were we draw the line. Moral is a concept of what is wrong and what is right when it comes to many things. Most of the time we have the same morals, most people consider murder wrong, but sadly, we do not all have the same morals. Morals can be something more personal and therefor they can differ.

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In this prompt the argument that Morality exists is irrelevant, contrary to our thoughts and beliefs. Everyone follows a set of moral rules. Ethical relativists disagree with this belief because, they believe that morals are distinctive from each individual culture. These relativists as described are mixing up moral and cultural distinctions, or are simply not willing to completely understanding the cultures they are standing up for. There are two different types of relativism Ethical, and Cultural, that rely upon the argument of cultural differences, which have flaws that make the argument unsound.

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Therefore, different cultures with result in different moral codes. In that case, people should see matters from many aspects instead of having a general truth as the standard. A second reason why cultural relativism has a more logical way of reasoning is because it teaches us to keep in an open mind. This can be seen from the fact that people should respect and tolerate other’s culture since there is no universal truth that holds for all people. Taken together, these two arguments demonstrate the logical way reasoning of cultural relativism and highlight the advantage of the cultural relativism

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In other words, “right” or “wrong” are culture specific, what is considered moral in one society may be considered immoral in another, and, since no universal standard of morality that exist, no one has the right to judge another societies custom (Ess, 2009). Cultural Relativism is closely related to ethical relativism, which views truth as variable and not absolute. What makes up right and wrong is determined solely by individual or the society (Ess, 2009). Since the truth is not object, there can be no standards which applies to all cultures.

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The Strength and Vulnerability of Different Moral Views Over centuries of fervent discussion in the moral world, there is still nothing like a consensus on a set of moral views. This essay attempts to outline and critically evaluate two moral views, namely ethical objectivism and cultural relativism. It is crucial to understand that both moral theories cannot be true at the same time as it results in contradictions, contributing to false beliefs. Additionally, it is essential that we discuss these issues with an open-mind so as to gain deeper insights from them. First and foremost, we will be looking at the prominent view of ethical objectivism.

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