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Examples Of Disproportionality

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Press Release

Possible Data Disproportionality

By: Police Chief of New York Jurisdiction

Date:

The police chief of New York jurisdiction announced today that the recently passed law requiring the police to record the race and ethnicity of the vehicle occupants and pedestrians stopped for any reason will result in a disproportionate data. Stun measures will be employed to distinguish between inappropriate discrimination and disproportionation in the data.

Disproportionality is inevitable given the fact that the data will constitute a majority of the race or ethnicity that lives in that area. For example, if the residents of the city the police are collecting data are a minority, the data of the pedestrians and the occupant of the vehicle …show more content…

The offense is committed at a particular place and at a particular time (Vito, Reed, & Walsh, 2017). For example, bank robbery is determined by specific criminals, in the bank at a particular time. The police officers can use intervention strategies to prevent the bank robbery. They can do a crime analysis, especially when given prior information about a planned robbery. Most bank robbers use the same strategy to access entrance to the bank and force their way to the cashiers as well as to the security room. Equally, most offender use strategies used by other criminals (Vito, Reed, & Walsh, 2017). The police officers can therefore easily do an analysis. They can also target the offender by their movement, dressing and uncertainty behavior when around the place of the targeted crime. The law enforcers have to learn the geographically targeted area to know the possible area of entrance and exit of the …show more content…

The decision making goes to the levels of middle managers that operate outside the district. The managers are held accountable for operations. The role of community policing specialist requires decentralized authority so that they can reach assistance within the shortest time possible (Hoover, 2014). Compstat approach increases the law enforcer’s capacity to understand, identify and also monitor responses regarding crime problems (Vito, Reed, & Walsh, 2017). Variety of justifications characterizes community policing. For example, it strengthens the police’s public support, reducing crime and building social capital as well as giving the patrol officers more significant decision making authority. Hoover (2014) in his book “Police crime control strategies” asserts that Community policing specialist ensures that the community stays safe all the time by working closely with the community and being within reach whenever required. Most of the time the community policing specialist will need some assistance from his seniors, Compstat approach decentralizes authority such that the community policing specialist gets assistance easily and quickly to enable him or she provides better services to the community (Braga,

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Criminal profiling, tend to be practiced by security and police is the reliance on a group of characteristics they believe to be involved with crime. In the article “Racial Profiling” posted by ACLU Blogs states that “The targeting of shoppers/business patrons of color for suspicion of shoplifting by private security and other employees has disproportionately affected both working and prominent African American women”(ACLU). Discrimination is widespread across many sectors and specifically in law enforcement. Racial profiling happens in businesses and companies based on characteristics and stereotypes of the race the

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It comes right out and states that police do use statistics that say which race is more likely to commit certain crimes, and they will look for those things when conducting traffic stops, which one black officer says he has no problem with. However, there's a point at which it becomes an abuse of power. Gail B Stewart, the author, received her undergraduate degree from Gustavus Adolphus College, and completed her

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3). Time and time again, however, the introduction of community policing has only served to divert taxpayer money away from valuable institutions and toward police without changing the relationship between the police and the communities they infiltrate. By nature, adding police to a situation creates hostility — individuals in communities that have been fragmented by mass incarceration know far too well that so long as police officers are present, there is a chance they get shot or go to prison. Situations that would never have escalated in a typical situation often result in arrests and violence. As a man in Prison by Any Other Name recounts, community policing gives officers opportunities to harass people for as little as “tossing a paper plate on the floor.”

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2005, An Analysis of the NYPD 's stop and frisk policy in the context of the claim of racial bias by Andrew Gelman, Jeffrey Fagan, Alex Kiss is about the NYPD records of indicated that they were stopping black and Hispanics more often that they were stopping whites. Minorities are stopped twice as often for violent crimes and a weapons offense. Lower "hit rates" for non-whites is suggested as the targeting of minorities while another suggests dynamics of racial stereotyping and a more passive form of racial preference. Racial Incongruity stops in high rates of minority stop in predominantly white precincts. Being out of place is often a reason for suspicion.

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The Brown Decision failed to desegregate and improve African American's socioeconomic status through the twenty-first century, proving injustices were not solved by one trial. The Brown Decision was a court case taken to the Supreme Court during the Civil Rights Movement. The decision was a failed attempt to integrate black students into white schools to provide the students with equal education opportunities. This decision did not change the decades of generational harm that still shows effects on today's black youth. The schooling provided for students of color before the Brown decision was less than adequate.

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Skogan and Frydl (2004) examined the evidence on police effectiveness and found that community policing and problem-oriented policing are effective approaches to reducing crime and improving community relationships. These approaches involve a more collaborative and problem-solving approach to policing, which can help address underlying issues that contribute to crime and disorder in communities. One of the key arguments against police reform is that it may undermine law enforcement's ability to do their jobs effectively. Klockars et al.

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 "Driving while black" is indeed a measurable phenomenon. Also the police department is trying to improve the lawfulness and legitimacy of their policing activities by letting the researcher study the daily activity of police officer. like any other government system there are always some unfairness in the system and the way of getting it fare to every body is a time consuming process. Now days is getting better and

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According those in favor of community policing, there are certain characteristics about this practice that make it a good crime fighting strategy; one of those is characteristics is called community partnership. Community partnership, to some experts, is one of the most effective ways to fight crime and reduce the deterioration of communities because it creates a trustful association between police and the community. The idea behind community partnership is that having a close relationship with the community allows police to access information that otherwise would be difficult to acquire (Walker & Katz, 2011). In all honesty, nowadays it is extremely difficult for the community to trust police officers. As mentioned before, with all the recent cases of police brutality and the killings of unarmed civilians the community is kind of hesitant in trusting its police; however, building a strong partnership could be tremendously beneficial, not only for the police, but for everyone in a specific community because it can help solve crimes and at the time rebuild an already deteriorated relationship.

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Racial profiling has become a worldwide epidemic. Within law enforcement circles and its practices, has become a contentious issue. It occurs every day, in cities and towns across the country, where law enforcement and private security target minorities without evidence of criminal activities. Law enforcement is responsible for humiliating and frightening these groups with: detentions, interrogations, and searches. It can be triggered based on perceived race, ethnicity, origin, or religion.

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Sure, there are surveys and statistics all over the internet, are these really true? “Not so fast” says the Manhattan Institute, “the charge is police have ‘too many’ interactions with minorities, but this leaves the questions’ too many’ compared to what”? This is exactly the problem we are facing against the opposing opinion. An officer only does a “stop and frisk” if they see something that looks suspicious. This also leads an officer to suspicion by behavioral tensions such as nervousness, threatening behavior, and of course absence of license plate.

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The criminal justice system exists to protect society while also punishing or rehabilitating offenders of the law. Progression in rehabilitating criminals and prevention of criminal activity has given rise to the study of criminal behavior. Where the focus is predicting who will commit violent or criminal acts and intervening to prevent repetitive or initial action. A great deal of knowledge of criminal behavior derives from the apprehension and study of criminal offenders. Though even some understanding can be gathered from offenders that to this day elude law enforcement, such as the case of Jack the Ripper.

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The United States has an expansive decentralized police force where each state and most communities each have their own police department. The positives to a decentralized method include the police being close to the people they serve, thus bettering the relationship between the people and by holding the local department more accountable for their actions. Despite the positives that overshadow the negatives, decentralized police organizations often suffer from a communication breakdowns, except they usually occur between different departments whose jurisdictions and duties overlap with the other departments in the region. The other major issue with decentralized units is that due to the information breakdown, efficiency is typically sacrificed (Walker & Katz, 2013). For instance, LMPD with the various special units likely overlap in certain cases leading to retracing steps and costing the taxpayers more money.

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Throughout history, disputes and tensions between law enforcement officials and communities of minorities have endured hostility and violence between each other. Racial profiling has become a “hot topic” for researchers as well as for politicians and by now it is likely that most citizens are at least aware of the common accusations of racial bias pitted against law enforcement (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Communities of color are being discriminated against and racially profiled by white police officers for any suspicion of criminal activities. It has been widely assumed by policy makers and citizens alike that allegations of racial profiling are mostly associated with the policing practices of white officers and their treatment of racial and ethnic minorities (Cochran & Warren, 2013). Also, individuals of minority descent will certainly recognize that they are being racially profiled during a stop that is being conducted by a white police officer.

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