1. What developments made the Second Industrial Revolution possible?
The Second Industrial Revolution was defined by a period of progress and material growth between 1870 and 1914. One of the major developments that made the revolution possible was the substitution of steel for iron, such that it improved the efficiency of producing lighter, faster, and smaller inventions like railways. In addition, electricity provided energy that could easily move through the transmissions of wires for heat, light, and motion. This significant development led to the invention of generators that ran on electrical current, but further improvements were introduced such that households and factories were connected to one common source of power by 1910. Electricity also aided in the creation of the light bulb, telephones, electricity-powered transportation, and factory machinery. Not only did electricity make the revolution possible, but so was the
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Urban reformers led the change in the 1840s by showing that the unsanitary living conditions contributed epidemic diseases. Epidemic diseases were posed as dangers towards the health of all people, and sanitary reforms were made in order to correct these problems. Boards of health were also created in order to improve housing quality by mandating that running water and internal drainage sewage system were required in new buildings. Additionally, clean water and a sophisticated sewage system were introduced by the creation of dams, reservoirs, and underground pipes. With the application of receiving clean water, hot water in households was made possible by the introduction of gas or electrical heaters. Furthermore, housing problems were corrected such that model dwellings had a fixed reasonable price for rent in which private landlords will be forced to improve their housing