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Federal Legislation Process Essay

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The federal legislative process begins with the construction of a bill, or proposed law, by an individual. A member of Congress must then sponsor the bill for it to be introduced to the House of Representatives or Senate for further consideration. Once a bill is constructed, it is numbered and referred to either a House of Representatives or Senate Committee which then reviews the proposed actions of the bill and makes amendments to the bill as necessary. Bills may be referred to subcommittees of each committee in which greater scrutiny of the proposed legislation occurs. Subcommittees typically involve the use of hearings and professional testimony to determine legitimacy and necessity of the bill. After reviewing the bill, the subcommittee …show more content…

The Senate has only one legislative calendar, however the house of representatives has multiple calendars which the bill may be assigned to for debate. unlike the senate’s rules and administration committee, the house of representatives committee has the power to assign a closed or open rule to the bill. a closed rule means that only members of the original congressional committee assigned to the bill may make ammendments while an open rule allows for any representative to suggest an ammendment. the rules committee may also refuse to make a rule decision, delaying or killing the …show more content…

the preseint can sign the bill and it becomes law. the president can ignore the bill for ten days wile congress is in session and it becomes law. president can veto the bill. or president can ignored bill, congressional session ends, bill is pocket veto. If the president vetoes a bill, Congress still has an opportunity to enact the law with an override vote in which both houses decide whether to honor the president 's veto or to enact the law without his signature. An override requires a two-thirds roll call vote of the members who are present in sufficient numbers for a quorum in each chamber. No debate is allowed before the vote on a veto. If both houses override the veto, the bill becomes a public law, having the same effect and power as if approved by the

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21. Must have two of the following: Receive ambassadors of other nations Present information on the state of the union to Congress Recommend legislation to Congress Can convene both houses of Congress on special occasions Adjourn Congress if the House and Senate cannot agree on adjournment “Take care that the laws be faithfully executed” Request written opinions of administrative officials Fill administrative vacancies during congressional recesses Grant reprieves and pardons for federal offenses (except impeachment) 22. A veto is the constitutional power of the president to send a bill back to Congress with reasons for rejecting it. It can be overridden by a two-thirds vote of each house.

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Even with certain restrictions and checks of power the president still maintain some significant areas of power over congress such the ability to veto legislation passed by congress. This ability grants the president a significant amount of power over the legislative process in the U.S as ultimately he is able to set the agenda of the country’s political schedule, and determine the direction of the country’s political schedule. Along with the ability to enact vetoes without the interference of a hostile congress uncooperative congress. The president also posses the ability to set the agenda for what legislation to recommend to congress and to what priority level each recommendation should be given. This power does come with its limits though as most situations do not give the president the ultimate authority to force congress to address his proposal and he must instead convince congress to address his issue with priority.

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It was introduced in the House and went to committee. The committees marked up the bills with their modifications. Some amendments failed to passed committee, but others, such as an expansion of medical technology improvements passed. After debate within the Rules Committee and debate over amendments, the bill eventually passed the House. It then went to the Senate, who also put the bill through committee.

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Any bill that originates in the House must be ratified by 2/3’s of the Senate. Each State is represented within the Senate by two-senators. This was the result of a compromise between the larger and smaller states. The House is dominated by the larger states which have more representatives due to their larger population. Initially the Senate was selected by State Legislators; this has since changed to the selection process we have today by popular vote.

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There are a few methods or committees that play a part in the lawmaking process; a senate filibuster, House Rules Committee, the Conference Committee, oversight on federal bureaucracy, and casework. Each of these play an integral role in the lawmaking process for a variety of reasons. A senate filibuster allows a senator to prevent or delay action on a bill or other business. The House Rules Committee schedules or manages the flow of legislation, making it easier or more difficult to pass a bill, as well as make the legislative process more efficient. Also, the Conference Committee settles differences in the House and Senate versions of a bill.

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A rule only in the Senate that stalls a bill from being passed is called Filibustering. Filibustering is the act in which one senator “acts in an obstructive manner in a legislature, especially by speaking at inordinate length.” The senator is essentially stalling time before the bill is passed or voted on. Another difference between the Chambers of Congress, which can allow legislation to be passed in one chamber and not the other is that, the House of Representatives has a very powerful Rules Committee, and the Senate does not. Though the Senate has a Rules Committee, it is not as powerful as the House of Representatives.

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It established that in order for a bill to become a law it must be passed by both Houses and then signed by the

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Presidents have the ability to veto. A veto is the constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body. Issues do not always come because Presidents with legislative experience are usually able to avoid unnecessary conflicts. Also legislatures usually can get enough votes to override a

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If a bill is denied at any point in the process it is then throw away and forgotten. The process begins with the introduction of the bill to either the house or the senate. To introduce a bill in the House of Representatives, a state representative must first submit the required number of

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The Articles of Confederation created a confederation. The National Government consisted of a single legislative body, called Congress. The National Government had certain powers for the Articles of Confederation. At first there was no judicial or executive branch under the Articles. Problems came about because the government under the Articles of Confederation didn 't have enough power.

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The Senate: “The upper chamber of Parliament where there are 105 members who are appointed until age 75 by the Crown on the advice if the prime minister.” (Rules of the Game pg 106)The original Senate that was created in 1867 had only originally 72 seats. It was created to counter balance representation population in the House of Commons, although in recent years the Senate has become to reinforce representation of groups that have often been underrepresented in parliament, examples; Aboriginals, visible minorities and women. There has been a huge debate’s on whether Canada should keep the Senate. The people all over Canada have mixed opinions on if we should keep the Senate or not.

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Even the most popular president cannot always dictate what issues are on the national agenda, however. If Congress passes legislation the president dislikes, he has the power to veto it, thereby rejecting the

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Def: the power granted to the president by the constitution to send a bill back to congress. If each house reaches a ⅔ vote the veto is overridden Sig: the president has the power to reject a bill and make it more difficult for it to be passed because it then has to go through the process again. Impeachment Def: The house can impeach the president for treason, bribery, or other high crimes/misdemeanors.

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To qualify as a senator, one must be at least 30 years old, be a U.S citizen for at least nine years, and have achieved the requirements for residency in the state he/she desires to represent. Together the House and the Senate form the United States Congress. Legislative Branch checks the Executive Branch of; having the authority to impeach officials, override presidential vetoes, approve treaties and ambassadors, approve the replacement of the Vice President, the power to proclaim war, and the power to enact taxes and assign funds. Additionally, the Legislative Branch checks on the Judiciary Branch with the right to approve federal judges, as well as impeach federal judges, initiate constitutional amendments, set the jurisdiction of courts, and alter the size of the Supreme Court. Legislative Branch also has a check on itself because it is bicameral or composed of two chambers.

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Despite this, Congress can override a presidential veto, and therefore go against the presidents wishes. The president can also negotiate and sign treaties with other nations. He also appoints ambassadors, Supreme Court judges, cabinet members and all other officers of the United States. American presidents rarely control both Houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives, and presidents such as Clinton, Bush and Obama have all had to work with or against a partially hostile Congress. This has made it difficult for the

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