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Ferdinand II: Absolutism In Europe

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Absolutism is a form of government in which a ruler at a certain time period controls every aspect of politics and military in that country. An absolute monarch is defined as not one limited by a constitution, but referred to as one that wields unrestricted political power over the ruling state and its people. This absolutist, the successor of Matthias, Ferdinand II, also know as the Holy Roman Emperor, was the king of Bohemia from 1617-1619/1620-1637, and the king of Hungary from 1618-1625. Ferdinand II was born on July 9, 1578, in Graz, Austria. He was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits that had the intentions of making him a strict Catholic ruler. Being a very pious Catholic, he based his policies chiefly on religious
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Absolute monarchs centralize their absolute power. Louis XIV and Peter the Great are exceptional examples of an absolute monarch. Louis ruled in France from 1638 – 1715 and Peter ruled in Russia, but he was not liked by many people. They both had all four characteristics of an absolute monarch. Louis centralized his power by keeping nobles busy with court life, he increased revenue by supporting the arts and literature and reformed taxation with the help of Jean Baptiste Colbert.

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Absolute monarchies had all the power in Europe. Their kingdoms were powerful and accomplished. Although absolute monarchies empowered and enriched their kingdoms, they were still largely detrimental because of King Louis XIV of France, debt, Frederick the Great’s seizure of Silesia, and the city of St. Petersburg. King Louis XIV of France was an absolute monarch.

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What will be discussed is how far did two of the enlightened absolutists, Joseph II of Austria and Catherine the Great of Russia, try to apply the principles of the Enlightenment. The main enlightened ideas were the toleration of religious minorities, reform of institutions and patronage. Joseph II of Austria was born in 1741 and died in 1790. It wasn’t until the last 10 years of his life Joseph became sole ruler of Austria where he and his mother, Maria Theresa, ruled jointly until her death in 1780. Certainly one could argue most of his policies were influenced by the ideas of the enlightenment.

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This period is referred to as the birth of absolutism because with each ruler came a more unified France. It was a gradual process, but once the throne was under Louis XIV, absolutism was at its peak. As the failures of Henry arose, Louis XIII weakened the Edict of Nantes and slowly deviated from its orders. Finally, Louis XIV reversed everything that Henry IV did by overturning the Edict of Nantes and giving way for a new order in France. This is one of the first gestures of absolutism under Louis XIV’s supremacy.

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The two very powerful absolute rulers, King Louis XIV of France and Tsar Peter the Great of Russia controlled their kingdoms with complete power. They are the ultimate definition of powerful absolute monarchs. However, only one of them stood out on top for controlling their kingdom with the most absolute rule as possible. King Louis XIV demonstrated the largest amount of absolute power through the way he controlled his nobility and his oppressive policies towards his people.

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Ferdinand II of Austria was a very strict, Catholic dictator who 's actions greatly impacted history. He made a name for himself, not only for good doings but also for bad ones. Ferdinand was a monarch who made quick decisions, which sometimes led him and his empire into a great deal of trouble. Ferdinand II of Austria was born on July 9, 1578 in Graz, Austria. Ferdinand was the oldest son of the archduke Charles and Maria of Bavaria, the daughter of the Duke of Bavaria.

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INVESTIGATION Hitler officially became the undisputed leader of the party in 1933 after the law concerning the head of the state of the German Reich merged the positions of the president and the chancellor 1 . This, however, did not eradicate his reliance on subordinates to enact his “will”, and it is within this is where the notorious confusion in Nazi government lies, giving rise to the debate over the extent to which Hitler succeeded in creating a totalitarian government in that he exercised absolute control over all state institutions, subordinating all others to his authority2 .The historiography of this area is characterised by the debate between Intentionalists, who hold that the confusion within government was a tool of control used

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Louis XIV treated the people of France unfairly and he didn’t seem to care about their well-being. Louis XIV suppressed the Catholic church, and Nobles. He made the Nobles wait on him. Louis XIV weakened the power of the nobles and excluded them from his councils. This supports my thesis that Louis XIV was the best example of an absolute ruler because this shows he truly only cared about himself and he made sure that he had all of the power, by weakening the power of all of the nobles.

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King Louis XIV of France recommended absolute rule because he believed that the less people there are to exploit it. (Document 3) I agree with him and I believe it is one of the reasons for the prosperity of absolutism. When one person controls an entire country,

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763 Words | 4 Pages

During the 1600s and 1700s a new type of monarch emerged known as an absolute ruler. Some of these rulers were Louis XIV, the Fredericks of Prussia, and Peter the Great. These rulers believed that a monarch had a divine right to rule and should only listen to God. All these rulers had characteristics that defined them as absolutists. Louis XIV was constantly at war during his reign which resulted in a powerful army.

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The Age of Absolutism is defined as a time period in Europe in which monarchs gained all of the power and wealth over the state for themselves, expanding the idea of single rule. The Enlightenment, on the other hand, is defined as a movement during the 18th century that rejected traditional social, religious, and political ideas, and introduced a desire to construct governments free of tyranny (or single rule). Document 3, a primary source written by King Louis XIV of France in 1660, is describing the idea of monarchy stating,“ The more you grant . . . [to the assembled people], the more it claims . . . The interest of the state must come first” (Document 3).

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The difference between forms of the national administrations lies in the difference between limitations of the ruling powers and the difference in the subjects in which those administrations’ powers are engendered. In an absolutism alluding to any sort of tyrannical authorities, such as the Absolute Monarchy or the political system run by Adolf Hitler, the whole nation is managed by solely one person with lack of laws limiting his or her rules. Tired and frustrated with this kind of government, the principles of democracy is given birth to this world by the rebellious groups defying the Absolutism, and the government in this situation derives its limited powers from the citizens. In other words, in a democratic country, the citizens are the

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856 Words | 4 Pages

"We behold kings seated upon the throne of the Lord, bearing in their hand the sword which God himself has given them" (Document 5). If God himself sent these rulers to lead, why wouldn 't they be prosperous? This is the question many from this time period asked. Absolutism was good for them because their God put the monarchs in charge and gave them his power. Absolute monarchs came into

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Absolutism is defined as political power that concentrated to one person or a group and opposing or shared power doesn’t exist and reigning over the country. It’s opposite of constitutional government, therefore it lacks constitution and parliamentary system and political responsibilities doesn’t exist. In my opinion, absolute ruler should have a strong military power, have a wisdom and knowledge, and enlighten his/her country. The best monarch that fits to all these condition is Frederick the Great, who was King of Prussia. First reason is Frederick the Great had a great military power.

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Absolutism 's nature of putting complete control of a nation into one person has not always been successful, however there are ways in which it does succeed in being an effective way of ruling. As Machiavelli 's "The Prince" stated: People always will have a motive of bettering themselves, and they will attempt to do so through duplicity and great avarice. Their loyalty and compliance to a leader is assured as long as the one they follow has an allure, so granting trust and power can lead to their betrayal and could cause the fall of the monarch’s reign. If all power rests with a single individual, there will be a far less chance that a struggle within a nation 's very own government will occur. Absolutism in this respect does well, as it

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