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Foucault's Idea Of Genealogy

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Aforementioned, territory in the past has often been defined purely through a geographical sense. Foucault acknowledged that "territory is no doubt a geographical notion, but it's first of all a jurido-political one: the area controlled by a certain kind of power" (Elden, 2013, pg.7). What Foucault means by this, is that historical changes are produced by events which create discourses and form institutions. These institutions demonstrate their power through providing institutional knowledge in the form of "concepts, practices, procedures and norms" (Bullock, 2013, pg.32). This is made entirely possible through the close relationship between power and knowledge. "It is these power relations that make knowledge possible or impossible within the discourse, therefore power and knowledge are inextricably linked" (Bullock, 2013, pg.41). This aligns …show more content…

A Foucauldian conceptualization allows an in depth analysis of territory in the 21st century, highlighting how the definition has changed. A practical example of this is the discourse of intellectual disabilities in the education system. Individuals with mental disabilities have been subject to various terms throughout history (McSherry, 2013, pg.ii). In order to understand what factors brought upon these changes it is important to first explore the events that brought upon change. One notable event is professionals "identifying the emergence of a 'new kind' of people"( McSherry, 2013, pg.12). This created the discourse of mental deficiency. The institutions that provided knowledge were medical institutions as

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There are a various people prejudicially placed into classrooms for students with disabilities because of their race, gender culture/ethnicity, social class, gender and sexual orientation. The way a person identifies occasionally determines if they will be assigned in a class for students with disabilities. David J. Conner discusses Michael’s story, a participant researcher who was placed in a class for students with disabilities; some factors that contributed to the Michael being labeled as disabled is his race and class. Connor came to a realization that there appears to be a high number black and Latino students in classrooms for students with disabilities and he explores some of the reasons through Michael’s story.

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Born on a Blue Day, a memoir, by Daniel Tammet, provides an enlightening view into the mind of a 27-year-old British savant with Asperger’s syndrome impairing Tammet's ability to cogitate conceptually, deviate from routine, commiserate, and interact with others yet, he is able to perform prodigious feats of anamnesis and mental arithmetics. Tammet discerns that he is quaint in the eyes of other even stating “Often autism is portrayed in the media as a very negative condition. . .” albeit he mounts himself aloft stereotypes and discloses that ediosyncrinces are what make us human while apprising his experience of discovering his eccentricity, encased in disabilities. To illustrate this, Tammet articulated “. . .the

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Due to the limited knowledge about mental diseases, doctors had to resort to people's word and uneducated test, previously talked about. The mental institutions trusted the people and that was a big mistake as people lied and settled disputes by saying the other person was insane and getting them sent to an institutions. An example of this was Elizabeth Packard who was put in an institution for saying this, “They are antagonistic systems… Christianity upholds God’s authority; Calvinism upholds the Devil’s authority.” Elizabeth's husband was christian and he did not like that she said this very much so he told the government that she was insane and they believed him.

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Critical Disability Theory examines of the representations of people with disabilities throughout literature and the construction of ‘normal’ bodies. Avery negatively represents disabilities by

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“Only 50 years ago persons with intellectual disabilities were scorned, isolated and neglected. Today, they are able to attend school, become employed and assimilate into their local community” (Nelson Mandela). Prior to the later part of the 20th century people with intellectual disabilities were often ridiculed, treated unfairly, feared, and locked away in institutions. According to Rhonda Nauhaus and Cindy Smith in their article Disability Rights through the Mid-20th Century, The laws of any nation reflect its societal values. The real life issue of discrimination towards people with intellectual disabilities in the United States and Australia is demonstrated in the novel, Of Mice and Men by showing how this issue affects one of the main characters, Lennie Smalls.

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The largest advocacy group for the intellectually disabled, the Association for Retarded Citzens,is now simply ARC (Fairman). The term mental retardation is being replaced with intellectual disability by The Center for Disease Control and Prevention because this word has become so taboo. People have managed to turn innocent words into hateful speech so much so that professional establishments and groups will no longer use those words because they are deemed as a negative term. Even if someone disagrees with Fairman’s argument about not banning certain words, his paper and his assumptions are acceptable because people have heard for themselves just how these words are being used

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Two dilemmas identified from the articles are labeling and FAPE. Freedman (2012) discusses the “no label- no services” idea. A child does not receive the services unless he/she qualifies under a disability category (Freedman, 2012). This can cause a push to have more students label as having a disability. Freedman (2012) includes the racial and ethnic discrepancies in children identified as having a disability.

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Social welfare Policy Paper: Americans with Disabilities Act As social workers we have the opportunity to work with different populations of people. The population that I have decided to pursue are individuals with mental illness. Legislation can have a major impact on my career as well as the individuals we serve. In this paper I am going to discuss the Americans with Disabilities Act and how it relates to Social work values.

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Blandy, D. (1989). Ecological and normalizing approaches to disabled students and art education. Art Education, 42(3), 7-11. Blandy, D. (1991). Conceptions of disability: Toward a sociopolitical orientation to disability for art education.

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THESIS STATEMENT Disability labels are used by many professionals as an important unit of the special education process. This is mainly in large regard to how it is conducted in the United States. However, the ordered mandate use of disability labels has been criticized by many parents, schools, and child advocacy groups around the country which have strong concerns due to the unintended, latent, negative repercussions that tend to come from disability labeling (Bernstein, 1976). Disability labeling identifies informative definitions which are used to determine eligibility requirements for education(Bradley, Danielson, Doolittle, ,2005).

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Society from time immemorial has struggled with how to integrate those persons born with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Often lumped in with those that could be defined as mentally ill, one of the most prevalent solutions for dealing with both categories of people was shutting them away from society, or in other words, permanent or semi-permanent treatment in a mental institution. However, beginning in the mid twentieth century, a new trend entitled ‘deinstitutionalization’ began transitioning the care of thousands of intellectually and developmentally disabled persons out of institutions and into community care programs. Ultimately, this trend has managed to successfully integrate thousands of intellectually and developmentally disabled persons back into society and make a marked improvements on their quality of life. Although, work to integrate this community back into society is far from over.

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The medical model of disability, adopted by geographers such as Golledge (Cloke, Crang, Goodwin 2014) defines disability as an ‘individual medical tragedy’ (Shakespeare 1993 cited in Cloke Crang, Goodwin 2014) however this is seen as somewhat outdated through a contemporary eye and geographers such as Imrie (1996) adopt the view of the social model. The social model conveys a more emotive approach which encompasses a person’s identity and Imrie (1996) suggests “the assertion of ableist values is intertwined with the notion that disability is abnormal”. Disability is a social product of views that people with impairments do not conform to what is seen as the norm and can often feel out of place in society, showcasing how humans influence space, place and identities similarly to social class. Barriers such as urban infrastructure highlight how space and place control our identities, for example ATM’s often have steps instead of slopes and are not wheelchair height accessible (Imrie, 1996) nor offer braille functions and Walker (cited in Imrie, 1996) passionately suggests “we live under a system of architectural apartheid”.

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997 Words | 4 Pages

This leads the concepts of power to shift away from theories that associate power with just the economy and the state. It thus moves towards an ideal beneath which power functions at the most micro level of social relations (Gaventa, 2003). This is a pro because instead of ignoring the power hierarchies between individuals and the various power dynamics within society, Foucault essentially focuses on them. Other critiques have failed to mention historical contextualisation and have been inclined to occur in isolation from questions that regard the broader production of knowledge (Hook, 2004). This helps us to understand power relations and hierarchies better within society.

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Firstly the traditional approach. According to Miller, (2015: 118) the traditional approach “considers power to be a relative entity that people or group possess”, which means that each and every individual, group or organization have power within them. Secondly, the symbological approach, which “views power as a product of communicative interactions and relationships” (Mumby, 2014). This means that power emerges through interactions between people or organizations and even so through their relationships, as power is a product of

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1144 Words | 5 Pages

In this report I will discuss both the Social and Medical Models, define their pros and cons and give a short reflection on my own opinion of the two models in everyday use today. Both the medical and the social models of disability describe how they see disability and how they feel disabilities and those suffering should be treated. Both models have very different views on the causes of, how disabilities should be taken care of and by whom and both have their strengths and weaknesses when it comes to caring for those with disabilities. Medical Model

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