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France's Involvement In The Seven Years War

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The source and initiation of the France’s financial issues began after their involvement in the Seven Years War from 1756-83. The money used to support this war caused a deep financial exhaustion for France. Following many predecessors, in October 1776, Jacques Necker was appointed Director of Treasury. He was determined not to increase taxes and in attempt to follow that notion, Necker financed the French’s involvement in the American was almost entirely by loans. Although he kept his word and did not implement any new taxation, he increased the French deficit by astonishing numbers. In his borrowing, Necker raised an estimated amount of 522 million in loans. Necker released a falsified budget sheet, the compte rendu au roi to ease tensions …show more content…

With a more pragmatic perspective than his predecessor, Calonne soon discovered, however, that major reforms were necessary to save France from bankruptcy. He arranged an assembly of key figures throughout the French community, such as clergymen, nobles, and very few non-nobles in hopes of having them agree upon and help setup is plans of financial reformation. In August 1786 he submitted to King Louis XVI a far-reaching plan of reform that involved increasing the taxation of the privileged noble and clerical orders through a proportional tax on land. This taxation would be directed toward landowners and the majorities among these landowners were wealthy clergymen and nobles who felt this proposal to be out order. The Notables refused to agree with Calonne’s suggested reforms, and some members grew hostile towards Calonne, blaming him for the nation’s problems. Instead of relieving financial tensions and easing the minds of the people, Calonne’s proposals caused uproar and chaos, and after accumulating a negative reputation so quickly, he was eventually replaced by Étienne Charles de Brienne, a French churchman, finance minister of Louis XVI, and member of Assembly of Notables. After examining the situation he came to similar conclusions as his predecessor, calling for taxation reform. Brienne suggested a land tax on the privileged orders and called for increased taxation contributions from the church. The Paris Parliament along with many other clergy and nobles rejected this notion and demanded the Estates General be assembled in order to propose alternative solutions for financial reformation. In May of 1789, the Estates General was called upon by Louis XVI in an effort to gather ideas from the differing social groups and propose possible solutions for France’s financial crisis. This assembly was

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Locke’s ideas have given Frenchmen the courage to fight against the strict government. During the reign of Louis XIV, nobles’ power was strictly limited. By making the nobles live in Versailles, Louis could easily watch over his nobles. Later, Louis XVI took over the throne. He raised taxes then spent the money in whatever way he pleased (Doc 5).

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The government was known to be corrupt and there was a major gap in wealth. While the monarchy and nobility were very well off, lower classes were taxed highly and starving, and the country was close to bankruptcy. The king, Louis XVI, was becoming extremely unpopular, due to his extravagant spending and lack of contact with the public. People were becoming more and more discontent with the way the country was being run – people wanted change.

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As the nation’s economic condition worsened, the First and Second Estates continued to live lavishly, oblivious to the hardships of the world, while the Third Estate received the brunt of it all. King Louis XVI was incompetent, and he did nothing to alleviate their difficulties. Wars, the king’s court life, and Marie Antoinette’s deficit spending all contributed to the increasing debt of the nation; furthermore, half of the royal budget went to interest, so both the commoners and king’s budget exceeded what they could afford. To make matters worse, peasants had fees and services owed back all the way from feudal times. So as the Third Estate fell into destitution and royal spending increased, the price of goods rose.

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Taxes, which is still a commonly disagreed topic, were a major reason the people of France revolted. The members of the first estate were paying only a fraction of what the members of the third and event the second were. Arthur Young, a man who travelled through France from 1787 to 1789, made the observation that land owned by nobility and people of the upper class was taxed very little compared to the land owned by common citizens (Doc. 1). This injustice took a great toll on members of the third estate and

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The second estate had to pay taxes but not as much as the third. Also, the spending of money carelessly by the king and queen, further damaged the country. Their expenses were made up with goods and keeping and building the royal palace. this shows all the financial problems France faced during the revolution. Overall, the arrival of Napoleon Bonaparte made things

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Then the Boston Tea Party in 1772, Colonists dressed up as Native Americans and dumped crates of tea and other goods into the harbor so the British couldn’t make any money off of them. Similar to the American Colonies, France was on the brink of bankruptcy and government in debt, so the government imposed a higher price of living. Because of the “estates”, the commoners which was 98% of the population ended up paying for all of the taxes. King Louis XVI noticed how the poeple were unhappy with the taxes, so in effort to make it more equal he called into session the Estates General. This was a meeting at Versailles and it consisted of representitives from the three estates, giving each estate one vote on who should be taxed.

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Preceding the Seven Years War colonists were infringing on Indian and French territory and an American mercantile system was in place. After the an Anglo-American victory in the Seven Years War Britain was in great debt, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 was enacted, and the consumer revolution was taking place. The Seven Years war was a major turning point for British and colonial relationships because it because it led to an end in salutary neglect, increased taxation and a new sense of American Patriotism arose. However, even after the Seven Years War, many colonists were still loyal to the crown, British and American trade continued, and the many of the poor farmer’s view towards Britain remained unchanged because their life was not substantially

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However, Americans were able to succeed because of their quick increase in population and economy. One of France’s financial problems came from the money they loaned America during the war. Arthur Young traveled throughout France and saw that “lands held by the nobility are taxed very little [and] lands held by commoners are taxed heavily” (Doc B). This comes back to the idea of inequality and how the government supported a class system in France that negativly affects the third estate. Because commoners’ land was taxed so much, they were unable to feed themselves.

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When Louis XVI came to power he was weak. The nation was nearly bankrupt, and though it seemed irreversible Louis had different ideas than just taking advantage of what little the nation had and using it for the rich. When he first took the throne he had decided that nobles and clergy should pay taxes like the rest of the people. It was unfair that the aristocracy had advantages that the others did not. Not only because it was unjust but it was hurting the country.

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The French and Indian War, more commonly known as the Seven Years War, was a war between the French and English colonists located in North America. Some native American tribes formed alliances with each of the European colonial empires. After years of battle, the French finally surrendered and signed the Treaty of Paris, in 1763, which ended the war. The direct results of the war was that the British had won the war, and the French had to give up all of their territory in North America to the British and Spanish. The British gained all land east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish gained all west of the Mississippi River.

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The seven years war or the more common name the French and Indian war had a profound impact on the balance of power between The English empire, French, and North America. Before the seven years war the French and English had very similar amounts of power over the North American territory. The British had full control over the 13 colonies while the French had much of what control of what now is know as Canada along with the unsettled territory in Mississippi. The war Lasted between 1754 and 1763 this is one of the very first global war due to the fact that The British empire and France had many colonize which caused fighting in Europe, India, and America, and at sea. In North America, imperial rivals Britain and France struggled for supremacy.

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King Louis XVI, who was the ruler at the time, was a main contributor to these problems that led France to its downfall. The country had a massive lack of resources and food, which led King Louis XVI to borrow more money than he could afford, thus putting the country in immense debt. Despite the very visible crisis overthrowing the country, the king was incapable of accepting his mistakes and refused to change his ways. He maintained the unjust voting system, known as the Estates-General, and worsened the taxing system in order to pay off his debts. The people, especially those of the Third Estate, were clearly angry and dissatisfied with the state of the country, which led them seek out a movement for what was right.

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