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For this book review, I am going to be talking about David Montejano’s book entitled Quixote’s Soldiers, A local history of the Chicano Movement, 1966-1981. The author’s purpose is very well explained and it is not hard to understand. The author clearly tries to explain different ideologies, individuals and organizations located in one of the Southwest’s major cities, San Antonio, Texas, during the late 1960s and early 190s. All these varieties mentioned above made possible that a movement was created called Chicano Movement, a group that David Montejano provides a deeply understanding and description of the movement during the reading of the book. Since, the city was governed by a tough Anglosocial elite that was firmly convinced in the way
During the Chicano Nationalist Movement, a well-known speaker, Rodolfo ‘Corky’ Gonzales, delivered a speech titled Chicano Nationalism: Victory for La Raza. In this speech, Rodolfo Gonzales tries to unify the Latin American people within the United States by using the idea of a family and to create a new political organization for the Chicano people. This speech was a cumulation of various ideas which stemmed from his own life, the experiences of the Chicano people, and the Chicano Nationalist Movement in general. Each of these factors contributed to the context of the speech and how the ideas within the speech are presented by Rodolfo Gonzales. Rodolfo ‘Corky’ Gonzales was born to Federico and Indalesia Gonzales, two Mexican immigrants, on June 18, 1928.
Due to the wartime economy, the demand for labor was so high that farm labors – called braceros were shipped from Mexico to America (bracero program). Domingo Ulloa’s painting “Bracero” depicts the hardships imposed by the program that limited economic and social opportunity for thousands. These artists produced work that promoted their rights as workers and citizens, blurring the lines between art and politics as well as the notions of high and low art. Chicano artists played a key role in the development of the Chicano movement for civil rights. One location called the Central Valley was home to cultural centers and artist collectives, such as La Brocha del Valle in Fresno and Royal Chicano Art Forces of Sacramento.
The event set off the Chicano movement and it took off like a rocket as it gained
This idea of equality regardless of race resonated in the Hispanic- American Community. The support that the Black Community received as a result of the “March on Washington” encouraged Hispanic- Americans that the same could happen for their community if they brought awareness to the issues they faced a Hispanic- Americans. So, like the African American community, started to organize protests and strikes to bring awareness to their community, forming to Chicano
The Chicano movement derives from early oppression of Mexicans. Robert Rodrigo, author of “The Origins and History of the Chicano Movement” acknowledges that, “At the end of the Mexican American war in 1848, Mexico lost half of its territory to the United States and its Mexican residents became ‘strangers in their own lands.’” In stating this fact, Rodrigo exemplifies the United States’ relations with Mexico, that, ultimately, led to their oppression. Moreover, these early relations led to social injustice for the Mexican community. Carlos Muñoz, author of The Chicano Movement: Mexican American History and the Struggle for Equality reports, “As a conquered people, beginning with the Texas-Mexico War of 1836 and the U.S. Mexico War of 1846-48, they have
The Chicano movement rejected Eurocentric superiority and took pride with its indigenous roots, we identify with indigenous people (Lec. 2.) We identify with great civilizations like the Maya and the Aztecs. We come from great people of color, we are part of the indigenous population that built great civilizations, just look at the great Aztec emperor, Cuauhtémoc. Chicano identity teaches being indigenous is not something to not be ashamed of, but something to be proud of (Lec. 2). However, this does not make the Chicano identity exclusive to all, it was still male dominated and it focused on the indigenous ancestry from Mexico.
Gloria Anzaldua depicts in her book “Borderlands La Frontera” the injustices women face on the U.S.-Mexican border. While, Mayeli Blackwell describes the discrimination of race, class and gender women experience in educational institutions. In addition, women also struggled over gender and sexuality within the Chicano movement. The Chicano Movement during the 1960 and 1970’s was initiated due to the many issues and challenges (farmworkers struggles, the ins and outs of political organizing, the right to quality education) the Chicana/os faced. Issues that were in dire need of a solution, where many Chicana/os participated in the movements to protest and advocate for social change.
From Mexican heroes like Pancho Villa, to vintage lowriders, an eyesore to Anglos who are unaware of the complexity of Chicanx culture. Chicanxs are not confined to society’s preconceived notions that define what it means to be a Mexican-American. Chicanx art is separate from Anglo art, unneeded for the white gaze; it is experiences, spirituality, history, love, and expression of self. The Chicano Movement of the 1960s was the response to the oppression and discrimination of Mexican-Americans in the United States. The movement fueled an emergence of Chicanx art that countered dominant narratives perpetuated by society.
Unity for Chicanos came in the form of an idea, of a dream, called El Plan Espiritual de Aztlán (The Spiritual Plan of Aztlán). ‘Plan of Aztlán’ became one the Chicanos signature ideas, this ‘Plan’ “sought to connect Chicanos to their indigenous past while… reminding them of the colonial implications of the Mexican-American war.” The ‘Plan’ become a method through which Mexican-Americans could be united through their shared ancestry and culture. Simultaneously, the Young Lords pushed for unity through a much more radical avenue. The Lords aimed to liberate their fellow Puerto Ricans and thus “rejected the established norms and American values…
In this source, there are people of Mexican descent born in the United States and they are known as part of the Chicano Culture because it was a popular used by Mexican Americans during the Chicano Movement in the 60s, which was a symbol of pride. The Chicano movement created a political and cultural presence in response to years of oppression and discrimination in Caucasian American society. There are few women involved, and they are mostly men. Based on this source, the perspective mainly demonstrates globalization. The Chicano Movement because, although the Chicano movement happened in the 60s, they want to emphasize that in the modern generation because of all the years they have dealt with discrimination and oppression.
Chicano became a widely used name for the period of the Chicano Movement where the Mexican Americans expressed their pride in their culture through shared community, cultural and ethnic identities.
The need for a better empowerment was what sparked the Chicano movement in the 1960s. This movement occurred right after the Civil Rights Movement because they seeked to bring back the land they once had, rights for their workers, and education reforms for people. The Mexican Americans wanted all their reforms to be contributed in labor. However, they lacked power in politics and needed to make an impact urgently. When John F. Kennedy was running for president, the latino community worked to elect Kennedy as president.
It also shows the complexities within the Chicano identity by showing how Chicano culture is beyond the physical world. Griswold, Del Castillo Richard, et al. Chicano Art: Resistance and Affirmation 1965-1985. Wight Art Gallery, University of California,
The Chicano movement brought unity, nationalism, and cultural pride by addressing social and civil right issues. However, the Chicano social identity that arose in the 1960’s was not inclusive to Chicanas, moreover, it did not acknowledge and encompass the contribution of Central Americans and Asian Mexicans. The Chicano social identity definition needs to be changed to be more inclusive and accommodate all the configurations and diverse expressions of