ipl-logo

Gas Chromatography Lab

630 Words3 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Gas chromatography research

In this experiment, preparative gas chromatography was performed to isolate components present in a mixture before infrared spectroscopy was utilized to determine the separated parts. At the start of the lab, unknown # C-2 at 170C was provided for testing. When the GC was ran, the retention time for fraction 1 started with 2.12 minutes and ended with 2.96 minutes. The retention time for fraction 2 started at 4.56 minutes and ended at 5.96 minutes. After centrifugation, a small amount of the sample was pulled to the bottom of the conical vials to be used in the infrared spectroscopy. For fraction 1, two main peaks developed at 3336.14 cm-1 and 2878.08-2962.24 cm-1. For fraction 2, two main peaks also formed at 3265.26 cm-1 and 1635.72 cm-1. …show more content…

Unknown # C-2 was injected into a separation column that was coated with a polar stationary phase. This apparatus was held in an oven so that the sample could be heated to vaporization under 170C. An inert gas, like helium in this case, acted as the mobile phase since it carried the vapor through the column to the thermal conductivity detector, forming 2 peaks along the process. The first fraction was concluded to be 3 pentanol since its peaks included 3336.14 cm-1, an alcohol functional group, and 2878.08-2962.24 cm-1, an alkane functional group. Since the two components in this lab had identical boiling points, separation cannot rely solely on the volatility of each compound. Instead, a polar gas chromatography was utilized to isolate a mixture based off of its interactions with hydrogen bonds. Although 3 pentanol is polar with an alcohol group attached to its end, its hydrocarbon chain decreases its solubility in water, making it possess a lower affinity for the stationary phase and elute first. In the second fraction, only one main peak could be identified at 3265.26 cm-1 that matched the provided IR spectra. This peak represents another alcohol group which limits it down to 3-methyl-butanol, 2 heptanol, 2 octanol, and 1 hexanol. Since this was the second fraction, it must be more polar than the first fraction to elute last. Therefore, by elimination, the second fraction was identified as 3-methyl-butanol. This structure includes an alcohol group. However, its shorter hydrocarbon chain increases its solubility in water while its methyl group decreases in dispersion forces, making 3-methyl-butanol more polar than 3 pentanol. Overall, preparative gas chromatography proved to be mostly successful in this experiment since this technique was able to separate the

Show More
Related

Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions Lab

1039 Words | 5 Pages

TLC was used to identify the actual unknown product as well as other products/reactants present in the filtered solution. The procedure was conducted by placing a TLC plate in a developing chamber that is filled with a small amount of solvent. The solvent cannot be too polar because it will cause spotted compounds on the TLC plate to rise up too fast, while a very non-polar solvent will not allow the spots to move. The polarity of the spots also determines how far it moves on the plate; non-polar spots are higher than polar ones. After spots on the TLC form, the Rf values are calculated and used to analyze the similarity of the compounds.

Read More

Isopropyl Acetate And Toluene Lab Report

633 Words | 3 Pages

The area under each peak allows the calculation of the quantity of the referred component. As expected from gas chromatography analysis, two peaks were seen demonstrating that here are two components in the mixture. Using the fraction #1, the first and biggest peak represents the isopropyl and the smallest represents toluene. This demonstrates that, as expected, the first collection was mainly composed by isopropyl because isopropyl has less boiling point (Table #1). On the contrary, for the last (third) collection GC analysis, the smallest peak represents isopropyl and the highest peak represents toluene.

Read More

Lab Report P Toluic Acid And P-Butylphenol Extraction

1864 Words | 8 Pages

Aim The purpose of this lab was to separate a mixture of carboxylic acid (p- toluic acid), a phenol (p-tert-butylphenol) and a neutral compound (acetanilide) using solvent extraction. Introduction Solvent extraction is a process that separates compounds from a mixture by a solvent.

Read More

Cyclohexane Distillation

542 Words | 3 Pages

One pair had a 50:50 mixture of cyclohexane: toluene while the other pair had a 50:50 mixture of cyclohexane: p-xylene. For both distillations, we were to collect the first milliliter and the last several drops in order to run a GC for each fraction. Furthermore, for both distillations, students obtained 30ml of their designated 50:50 mixture in a 50ml round bottom flask. By properly using the simple distillation apparatus, students were able to record the temperature of the distillate, we recorded the temperature for every 1ml. Once students collected the first 1ml, the 25ml of distillate and the remaining drops, we were able to determine the mole fraction of cyclohexane by using gas chromatography.

Read More

Fractional Distillation Report Results

654 Words | 3 Pages

The resulting sample weights displayed in the above data table show that a significantly greater amount of mesitylene was collected compared to toluene. Since a larger amount was taken, the mesitylene sample was likely not as pure as the toluene sample. In order to determine the identity and purity of both samples, each were run through high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GS-MS). The purity of the mesitylene distillation could be improved by drawing out more sample in the middle of the distillation and setting it aside as an intermediate. This way, the only samples collected would condense at the beginning and the end of the distillation, and would therefore be purer.

Read More

How Can Palmitic Acid Affect The Determination Of Melting Point

1946 Words | 8 Pages

The vacuum filtration technique resulted in a 89mg recovery of CaCO3 which was an 11% loss. The gravity filtration had a lower % loss, and therefore a higher percent recovery. The main way to lose the compound was in the flask where the calcium carbonate was mixed with the acetone. It was difficult to transfer all of the calcium carbonate and not leave a small amount of solid residue at the bottom of the flask. The gravity filtration resulted in a higher recovery.

Read More

Understanding And Outline Which Fuel Out Of Three Different Fuels

856 Words | 4 Pages

There are only four possible isomeric structures for butanol, usually in a form a straight chain primary alcohol to a branched chain tertiary alcohol (Atsumi et al., 2008). Butanol isomers are all different structures and due to their different structures there

Read More

Toluene Solubility

197 Words | 1 Pages

Solubility of the compound was determined in different solvents like hydrochloric acid, sul-furic acid, sodium hydroxide, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform, DMSO, glacial acetic acid, n-hexane, cyclohexane, n-octanol, diethyl ether, benzene, toluene and wa-ter, followed by the preparation of saturated solution with those solvents which shows good solubility with the synthesized compound and then plotted a linear calibration curve to de-termine the concentration. The solubility determination was based on the USP Criteria (Low Y and Law SL., 1996; Lalitha Y and Lakshmi PK., 2011). 2.7.3. pH 10 mg of the synthesized compound was weighed accurately and placed into three separate volumetric flasks containing suitable solvents

Read More

Boiling Point In Intermolecular Science

1053 Words | 5 Pages

Structure and boiling points of Compounds (The Merck Index Online 2013) IUPAC Name 1-Hexanol 1-Pentanol 3-Methylbutanal 3-Methyl-1-butanol Molecular Formula C6H14O C5H12O C5H10O C5H12O Boiling point (°C) 157 °C 137-138°C 92-93°C 130-131 °C Molecular weight 102.162g/mole 88.15g/mole 86.132g/mole 88.148g/mole Skeletal structure Functional Group Alcohol Alcohol Aldehyde

Read More

Paracetaminophenol

482 Words | 2 Pages

The overall aim of our experiment was accomplished due to the fact that the compound produced was tested to be pure paracetamol. Its purity was tested by TLC, melting point range and NMR analysis. For the Melting Point Range Determination, samples of our re-crystallised p-aminophenol and paracetamol were placed into capillaries and into the melting point apparatus where data was recorded during the melt. Then, for the Thin Layer Chromatography, a TLC plate was prepared with four small dots loaded with p-aminophenol, our recrystallised p-aminophenol, our resultant paracetamol and commercial Panadol® respectively. When TLC was completed, it was transferred to a UV lamp box for analysis and data collection.

Read More

Paper Chromatography Lab Report

1269 Words | 6 Pages

Question: Describe what happened to the original spot of plant pigment extract? The spot traveled from the faint line on at the tip of the chromatography paper and it then created bands of colors. The original color of the plant extract was a black color and the once it was immersed in developer four it then started to travel up the paper strip. How do your Rf values compare with those of your classmates? They were similar but some were different due to errors in the experiment.

Read More

Ibuprofen Mechanism Of Action

1417 Words | 6 Pages

Spectrophotometric methods are described in this paper, the simultaneous determination of paracetamol and ibuprofen using derivatives of the ratio spectra method (Yousry M., 2011), and the determination of Ibuprofen using difference spectroscopy (Hapse S.A, 2011). The objective of this work is to use these methods to establish a straight-forward, rapid and precise method in the analysis of Ibuprofen for undergraduate laboratory practical’s. The second aim of this work is to establish a method to separate pharmacologically active components in over-the-counter medication by solvent extraction. The chosen medication, Excedrin®, contains three active components, aspirin, acetaminophen and caffeine, and a binding material. One tablet contains 250mg of aspirin, 250mg of acetaminophen and 65mg of caffeine.

Read More

Column Chromatography Lab Report

1696 Words | 7 Pages

This experiment aims to separate the components of the green colored food dye and get the TLC profile of each eluent collected. III. Experimental Procedure Before starting with the column chromatography for food dye, the right solvent must be chosen between 2-butanol with acetic acid, ammonia in butanol, 1 part 1-butanol 1 part acetic acid, and 2 parts methanol 1 part water. In choosing the appropriate solvent for column chromatography, the solvent system must give a TLC profile wherein most of the spots are well separated and has a Rf value within 0.3-0.5.

Read More

Gas Chromatography Principle

934 Words | 4 Pages

Both processes separate mixture based on boiling point. Fractional distillation does it on a larger scale whereas GC does it on a small scale Source: http://www.shimadzu.eu/gas-chromatography Discussion on analysis This technique requires a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The mobile phase being the carrier gas is comprised of an inert gas such as helium, argon or nitrogen. The stationary

Read More

Gas Chromatography In Alcoholic Beverages Lab Report

967 Words | 4 Pages

DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ETHANOL IN BEVERAGES 1. Introduction to Gas Chromatography Gas chromatography is a very powerful separation technique for compounds that are reasonably volatile. The components of a sample partitions into two phases, the 1st of these phases is a immobile bed with a great surface area, and the other is a gas phase that permeates through the immobile bed. The sample is evaporated and passed by the mobile gas phase or the carrier gas through the column. Samples separates into the stationary liquid phase, based on their solubilities at the given temperature.

Read More

More about Gas Chromatography Lab

Open Document