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Research paper on indian boarding schools
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1. Pratt opposed reservations because Jefferson’s treaty agreement meant the Great River would be the border between them and the whites. Indians would be isolated and not a part of the American life. 2. Schools would “kill the Indian and save the man” by introducing them to the life of an American.
In the speech “Kill the Indian, and Save the Man”, Captain Richard Pratt claims that the savagery of the Indians poses a problem to the advancement of the American society. He argues that their surroundings including language, superstition, and lifestyle cause this problem. TO support his claim, he provides the example of an Indian and White infant. He states that raising them in opposite environments will result in the acquisition of their respective qualities. Pratt proposes the solution of sending Indians to boarding schools, so they can gradually become civilized.
National Indian brotherhood makes the tremendous contribution to the Aboriginal people’s revolution about the cultural assimilation. In the policy paper “Indian Control of Indian Education,” the National Indian Brotherhood/ Assembly of First Nations proposes the concept that Indian’s control of Indian education, and the thought about parental and local control (National Indian Brotherhood/ Assembly of First Nations, Indian Control of Indian Education, pp. 1-7). On one hand, they think Indian people understand exactly what kind of educational system they need. On the other hand, they want to abolish the residential school system to stress the importance of family and local community in the Indian native culture.
These schools have been described as an instrument to wage intellectual, psychological, and cultural warfare to turn Native Americans into “Americans”. There are many reports of young Native Americans losing all cultural belonging. According to an interview with NPR, Bill Wright was sent to one of these schools. He lost his hair, his language, and then his Navajo name. When he was able to return home, he was unable to understand or speak to his grandmother.
In the same text, Madley says that the stock grazing that white settlers engaged in “destroyed traditional Yuki food sources while denying them access to what remained.” (Madley, 314) Consequently, the settlement policies, mass murders, and abductions led to the genocide of the Yuki and erased much of their culture. Cultural genocide was also committed toward indigenous Native Americans in the form of boarding schools. In “American Indian Boarding Schools in the United States: A Brief History and Their Current Legacy,” Lajimodiere says that the purpose of boarding schools was to assimilate American Indians and sever their connections to their family and culture. (Lajimodiere, 257)
This was ultimately done to seamlessly absorb the indigenous people into the colonist population. Major aspects of the Indian Act include residential schools, enfranchising, and cultural bans. Residential schools were mandatory for indigenous children to attend. At residential schools, children were forcibly taught the culture of the settlers and were punished if they showed any connection to their native culture. Enfranchising forced high work status and settler-married indigenous people to change their name to be like a colonist.
The cartoon works to portray the effects of the government boarding school for Native Americans in a positive way to show that the schools are effective in “civilizing” Native Americans. Additionally, the cartoon attempts to show that the Native Americans want to go to boarding schools and are happy to assimilate into white culture, clothes, gender roles, etc. The creation of board schools was a result of the ideology that white society was superior to the Native American way of life. Although white people agreed that the Native Americans had been treated unfairly in the past, they believed they were doing Native Americans a great service by forcing them into boarding schools, taking away their culture and traditions, and forcing them to assimilate.
In the 1800s, Native Americans were oppressed because they were deemed to be “uncivilized” barbaric human beings. In order for Native Americans to become assimilated into the “white mans” culture of that time, Native American children were enrolled into boarding schools. Students in these boarding schools have had both positive and negative experiences. In the novel, Recovering Native American Writings in the Boarding School Press, by Jacqueline Emery, Henry Caruthers Roman Nose reflects on his experience in the boarding school through essays, and in the novel, American Indian Stories, Legends and Other Writings, Zitkala-Sa reflects on her experience through different types of writings. Despite how Henry Caruthers Roman Nose found boarding
Intimate Colonialism is when the government tried to set up a policy that would encourage Indian Service staff members to intermarry with Native Americans. During the late 19th century, immigration was rising and the big thing in this era was assimilation. Assimilation is integrating people to be accustomed to the United States culture, behavior, value and norms. Though Native Americans have lived in America longer than anyone, the federal government thought that instead of ostracizing them for wanting to value their traditional culture, they created an assimilation policy for Native Americans. “The government’s assimilation policy sought to destroy Native nations’ cultural and political identities by replacing them with Anglo – American norms of behavior (108).”
Additionally, they established boarding schools for young Native American children to teach the ways of White culture and to assimilate them into their society. Whites believed that what they were doing was beneficial
The nature of these boarding schools was to assimilate young Native Americans into American culture, doing away with any “savageness” that they’re supposedly predisposed to have. As Bonnin remembers the first night of her stay at the school, she says “I was tucked into bed with one of the tall girls, because she talked to me in my mother tongue and seemed to soothe me” (Bonnin 325). Even at the beginning of such a traumatic journey, the author is signaling to the audience the conditioning that she was already under. Bonnin instinctively sought out something familiar, a girl who merely spoke in the same “tongue” as her. There are already so few things that she has in her immediate surroundings that help her identify who and what she is, that she must cling to the simple familiarities to bring any semblance of comfort.
Indian Boarding schools were created in the 1800s to “Kill the Indian, Save the Man.” They achieved this by transforming the natives looks, culture, language, and teaching them a certain way so they would be able to function in a “european society”. Indian boarding schools taught students both academic and “real world” skills, but they did so while ripping the indians from their culture. Most indian boarding schools were the same with their tactics in transforming the native man into a white one.
Sherman Alexie writes the story “Indian Education” using a deadpan tone to build and connect the years of the narrator 's life together in an ironic way. Alexie is able to utilize irony through the use of separate, short sections within the story. The rapid presentation of events, simple thoughts, and poetic points made within the story enable the reader to make quick connections about the narrator’s life to draw more complex realizations. The art that Alexie uses to write this very short story is poetic in nature through the meaning and structure of his writing. By the fact that the reader can draw deeper conclusions about the narrator 's life from Alexie’s writing is evident that his writing is poetic.
Expectations often impose an inescapable reality. In the short story “Indian Education” by Sherman Alexie, Victor often struggles with Indian and American expectations during school. Alexie utilizes parallelism in the construction of each vignette, introducing a memoir of tension and concluding with a statement about Victor’s difficulties, to explore the conflict between cultures’ expectations and realities. Alexei initially uses parallelism to commence each vignette with cultural tension. In second grade, Victor undergoes a conflict with his missionary teacher, who coerced Victor into taking an advanced spelling test and cutting his braids.
The criteria must be expressed in ways that reduce the potential of bias for or against any particular culture. It is important to recognize that parents and students of different cultures have different educational goals, values, and ways of
