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Haiti: The Aftermath Of The Haitian Revolution

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In the newly independent Haiti, all Haitians were defined as "black," and the notion of being black in Haiti was not an issue of phenotype but, “of a commitment to the values of equality and freedom and an opposition to colonialism”. Thus, generating a psychological shock to the emerging intellectual traditions of, “an increasingly racist Europe and North America that saw a hierarchical world eternally dominated by types representative of their own somatic images”. In Haiti, all citizens were legally equal, regardless of color, race, or condition, and civic participation was extended to all Haitians, and citizens were encouraged to utilize their freedom by expressing their rights. In the aftermath of the revolution, it became important to Haiti, that emancipation would be permanently maintained for all citizens of …show more content…

Other Articles in the constitution were also utilized to aid other enslaved people from other colonies in the Caribbean that sought freedom. In the Haitian constitution of 1816, Article 44 states, “All Africans and Indians, and the descendants of their blood, born in the colonies or in foreign countries, who come to reside in the Republic will be recognized as Haitians, but will enjoy the right of citizenship only after one year of residence”. This clause was cited by Alexandre Petion, president of the Republic of Haiti when he defended the right of several Jamaican men to remain in Haiti in 1817 after they had commandeered a vessel and sought protection and freedom from slavery in Haiti. Haiti’s involvement in this matter set a precedent, where it marked the colony as a free soil nation, wherein all those who were looking to escape from slavery, would be welcomed with freedom. It is important to note that, these extraordinary acts occurred as, “the American Revolution preserved enslavement and segregation of its populations and the French maintained forms of domination and exclusion with their colonies and over their colonized populations”.

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The French, Haitian, and American Revolutions were all sparked from the minds of the colonists, slaves, or lower classes who were treated with inequality by their own governments. In each location, there was a noticeable trend of mistreatment between government and people. In Haiti, slaves brought over by the French who captured the island, and forced them into brutal labor in what was the most valuable and wealthy are at the time. The government and leadership in France was corrupt as they were in much debt. King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette lived in Versailles far from the other forms of government, abusing the country wealth.

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Aristocracy, Haiti struggled with slavery. France was dealing with unequal distribution of wealth while Haiti had little wealth at all. Finally, While France is attempting to change it’s form of

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“The country was divided and if you were haitian, you had a slim chance of surviving.” (John

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In Documents 1, 2, and 10, the Haitian Revolution was the spark

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Revolution, a tradition as old as time. Countries such as Haiti and America used the tactic of revolution to gain independence from their European overlords. The American Revolution occurred between 1775-1781 against England. As this revolution was ending, another one was started a little farther south; Haiti revolted against France from 1791 to 1803. These two revolutions draw many similarities such as the fact that they were both revolting against European powers but also draw differences because the Haitian revolutions’ driving force was their lower class and the American Revolution spurred by the upper class.

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This quote taken from the Haitian Declaration of Independence can be broken down into sections showing how Jean-Jacques Dessalines was able to rally his Country together to fight for their right to become a sovereign State. To begin, the declaration uses the phrase “Native Citizens” to bring a sense of nationalism to all citizens who are reading at the time. This sense of nationalism to start off the quote is attempting to rally the people of Haiti together, which is an idea that will continued to be brought up. The declaration follows this by telling all people to cast their gaze on their island. To understand what the next part of the quote one must know that the Haitian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on January 1st,1804, an era in which gender equality didn’t exist and the man was thought of as the only liable worker and soldier.

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Background Information on the Enlightenment: In the year of 1791, The French and Haitian Revolution coexisted simultaneously. France was trying to pick up the pieces of a country left in shambles, while across the hemisphere, Haiti was about to ignite the fire. In France, they were in the process of creating a new government, in which all citizens would have equal rights, as based on the Declaration of the Rights of Man. In Haiti, a shocked oppressed populace was discovering the power that was held by the Declaration of the Rights of Man and was keen to set their own revolution.

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The first one is Christina presentation was really interesting because of the Religion in Haiti. The material, she discusses within her presentation is about New Orleans and West Africans of the creation of Voodoo or Voodou. She also discusses the importance history of Haiti itself too. There are about 7,000 Haiti that is into the Voodoo religion.

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In our history there have been many wars, revolutions, and consequences to all of these things, such as lives lost or land being destroyed but it was all worth it when they succeeded and got what they wanted, freedom. Many countries go through revolutions because they might have been under rule from another person and or country and wanted their independence. A revolution is when people overthrow a social order or even a government and are in favor of a new system or government. The American Revolution and Haitian Revolution had some similarities and some differences and this is what my argument will be about, comparing and contrasting both revolutions.

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Within the period of 1750 to 1914, changes were taking place around the world. New empires and nations began growing and expanding their territory, and as a result of these actions, wars, bankruptcy, and rebellions became more common. An example is the American Revolution, in which the American colonists, who were influenced by new philosophies and the sense of nationalism, fought and gained their independence from Britain. This revolution eventually inspired others throughout the world as it was successful in gaining the colonies independence from a powerful European empire. Those revolutions include the Haitian and French Revolution.

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Constitutional Hypocrisy When closely examining the principles which created the Haitian Constitution of 1801, the first of many Haitian Constitutions, it becomes evident to the reader that the document opposes slavery, which is was prevalent in Haiti (Saint Domingue) at the time. What becomes apparently shocking, however, is contrary to his human rights argument, the author and architect Toussaint L 'Ouverture, put in place concepts that were based in and still promoted slavery to a certain extent. Written in 1801, when Haiti (Saint Domingue) was still under French colonial rule, the primary author believed that not only was work necessary for slaves, but that they now continue to work the same plantations where they were enslaved. Contrasting his writings which directly contribute to the advancement of liberty, the scope of transformation remains limited. This is due to the replacement of the institution of slavery with

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“One of the world’s poorest countries, Haiti passed through a series of military rulers and dictators after World War II. In 1957, Francois Duvalier, popularly known as “Papa Doc,” seized power. He used the police, military and secret police, known as the Tontons Macoutes, to terrorize opponents. Declaring himself president for life, he looted the state treasury for his personal enrichment” (Edgar et al.1042). Haiti was once a beautiful country but was soon destroyed and corrupted by the greed of their president.

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It also examines the conflicts relationship between Haiti and the Dominican Republic in the nineteenth century. This is an example of an historical oppression of Dominican and Haiti. Skin color has been oppression to all races. If you are a lighter skin you are consider being better than those who are darker skin. This is oppression because in Dominican Republic there are mix race of European and African, Spanish and French, and Black African descent.

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