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How Did Athens Influence Greek Education

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Greeks call themselves Hellenes, and Greece Hellas; our term "Greece" derives from their Roman conquerors. From the eighth century BC, colonisation had taken Greek-speakers all over the Mediterranean, from the Black Sea, Turkey, to North Africa, Italy France and Spain, like "frogs around a pond" (Plato).By the fifth century BC Classical Greeks had organised themselves into independent citizen states (known as polis, from which comes our word "political") such as Athens, Sparta, Ephesus, Byzantion and Marseilles. Each polis had its own laws, dialect, currency and government. Strongly independent, they fought among themselves for domination, and internally over different styles of constitution (eg, tyranny, democracy, oligarchy). In the fourth …show more content…

Roman expansion east was made easier by the conquests of Alexander the Great, who introduced Greek polis style culture, administration and urban living, as far as Afghanistan.The Greek language, however, spread throughout the Mediterranean. Greek was heard in Rome probably more often than Latin. The gospel writers and St Paul knew perfectly well that they would have to write in Greek if they wanted their message to spread. Romans lapped up Greek culture – literature, history, philosophy and architecture – and by making Greek a central feature of their education system ensured that Greek achievement would be handed on to us today.By the fourth century AD it was clear that the Roman empire was becoming too large to be centrally controlled. In 324 the Roman emperor Constantine in effect split the empire into two halves, the eastern half centred on Greek Byzantium, renamed Constantinople (now Istanbul). When the Western Roman empire collapsed under the impact of Germanic invasions in the fifth century, Constantinople became the new centre of the Roman empire, known as the Byzantine empire.The collapse of the western empire led to some turmoil in the east, but the Byzantines gradually regained control over Greece until the treacherous attack on Constantinople in 1204 by the Frankish crusaders (western

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There is a common theme of unifying armies and peoples to overcome war and discourse amongst all the readings. The legacy of unifying a nation and/or peoples to come together and focus on a problem as one instead of fighting amongst each other was prominent especially all the readings were in reference to wars and battles that were occuring for each empire/leader at the time. The unifications in all of the readings was usually done through a democractic process where the majority vote amongst the divided individuals won the decision. In the reading, Thucydides and the Hellenes, Thucydides describes the country of Hellas (known more commonly as Greece) which was always in disarray and the people always fought amongst each other.

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The Western Roman empire fell in 476 C.E.. The Roman Empire lasted nearly 500 years. Before the fall of the Western Empire, Constantine split the Roman Empire into two parts, west and east. He moved the government and the capital to Byzantine (later renamed Constantinople). While ancient Rome and modern day America are very different in some ways, they are similar in other ways.

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As the revolutionary ideas of nationalism spread throughout Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth century, many groups of people pushed for their autonomy of their nation. During this time many Greeks living in an Ottoman ruled land appealed for independence. As time passed the Greeks further fought for an independent state with more outside opposition coming against the Ottoman claim to rule over lands. As more support came to the appeal for sovereignty, it eventually led to war, leading to now an independent Greek state. As it is seen in the documents, the difference of nationalities, also lends to the differing of opinions of the conditions and characters of the Greeks, during their fight for independence, as the Greeks, Turks and outside

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Latin became the court language, and Greek was the common language, whereas in the Roman Empire, Latin was the only language. The Arab Muslims began to challenge Byzantium with

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Do you know how Greek culture spread throughout the world? That was a result of Alexander the Great! Alexander ruled over Macedonia. He became king at 20 years old. While he invaded many cities, their cultures were kept alive.

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Monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, oligarchy, and democracy were all different forms of government found in Ancient Greece among its city-states. Athens and Sparta, who were both the biggest city-states in terms of influence and power, (Brand, n.d.) has been through all of its forms. The Spartan government was a mix of a monarchy, aristocracy, and oligarchy. Sparta did have a monarchy being the fact that it had two kings from different families.

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The geography of Greece influenced the development of ancient Greek government and politics. When describing ancient Greece, “mountainous land” is the phrase one would use because Greece is made up of many mountains. Because of the mountains, it was difficult to commute from place to place. As a result of that, instead of Greece being ruled by one government, it formed many different poleis, which each had their own government Polis is the Greek word for independent city-states. Greeks had a strong connection with their polis, and they strongly identified with them.

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Some historians claim that there are as many as a hundred political and non-political interweaving reasons that led to the collapse of Roman Empire. One of the important political causes is the division of the Empire into two empires, the west (Latin) and the eastern (Greek, later known as the Byzantine empire) in 284 A.D. by Diocletian. This division was adopted to protect the over-expanding empire and to defend its borders against the Barbarian attacks. This was achieved initially as the two empires synchronized responsibilities and strengthened each.

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The culture of ancient Greece left a lasting influence on the development of Western Civilization and can be attributed with the birth of western philosophy and the concepts of politics. It was also a culture that had an interest in understanding the world around it, creating the study of science, and considering the study of science as valuable as the study of religion. The fact that science is considered highly along with religion is rather interesting considering how religious organizations in later centuries would often seek to demean the results of scientific studies. This apparent coexistence between religion, science, and philosophy in Greek culture is due to how religion was handled in ancient Greece in relation to government and society. How did a mutual coexistence start?

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During the formative years of the Women’s Liberation movement, women artists began to develop a collective voice against gender inequality, and many artists chose to infuse their art with their personal experiences of womanhood. “The personal is political” became a slogan taken up by feminists regarding their art and their dissatisfaction with various social constructs. The paring allowed women artists to showcase their individual experience in the context of womanhood as well the varying issues women are confronted with. Many of these artists/writers depicted the intersectionality of these issues—for example; race, ethnicity, bodies, sex and sexuality – within their art and present them as equal to their identity as a woman. For many of these artists, the problem is visibility and how they seek, confront or challenge it as woman.

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Moreover, the Roman invasion of Greece had far-reaching consequences for Western civilization since it resulted in the diffusion of Roman culture and language throughout the region (Boston,

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Some of the similarities that can be found in their temples include “the use of marble columns, a wide front porch, and an enclosed sanctuary”. (C. Muscato, https://study.com/academy/lesson/greek-etruscan-influences-on-roman-art.html). Some of the similarities that can be found in their temples include “the use of marble columns, a wide front porch, and an enclosed sanctuary”. (C. Muscato) Even writings of Greek Philosophers were translated into Latin for the Roman people. Cicero, a Roman philosopher, felt the need and importance to make these Greek texts available to the Romans in their native language.

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in the more advanced areas of Greece, economically and socially speaking” (“Greek Administration”, 1988). The polis was a way of the Greeks finding a way to organize themselves into a society, becoming more civilized. According to Greek Administration, “In its fundamental essence it was never conceived as an extent of territory, although its boundaries could be drawn on a map, but rather as a group of citizens feeling themselves bound together under the rule of law” (“Greek Administration, 1988). In terms that are more familiar to the way we teach history today in our society, the polis is what we would call a city-state, each individual polis being its own city-state, acting almost like a small country. According to Nardo, “Although all Greeks, the residents of the various poleis developed differing local governments and customs as well as different forms of currency” (Nardo, 2007).

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Roman empire has been one of the most powerful and successful empire throughout the world history so defeat in the battle against them and being of the part of their empire were almost inevitable. Lands of that empire spread in South Europe, partly West Europe, near east and north Africa. As a normal procedure, their culture, customs, language and so many other things that belong to them had to be adopted by people of lands which were captured by Romans. It is called romanization. The main reason how roman empire could capture vast lands is their power.

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