In the video of the Stanley Milgram Experiment People were given roles as teachers and students. The students had been hooked up to an electrical system were they had been received questions and whenever they had answered incorrectly they received a dosage of electricity and got progressively got stronger each time they were wrong. At a certain point the student stopped responding to pain and the scientist had kept making them give a voltage. Some People discontinued the experiment.
The experiment was a success with many shocking
The student and teacher were placed in separate rooms and an instructor was placed in the same room as the teacher. He would then attempt to convince the teacher to continue the experiment even if the student starts crying out or wanting to leave. The teacher was required to “shock” the student if they said an incorrect answer. However, the ‘shocks’ became more intense and came with each incorrect answer. They eventually started getting very dangerous and potentially life threatening.
In the Milgram shock experiment, participants were told to shock a “tester” when they got a wrong answer. This was staged so that the tester would almost always get the wrong answer. The goal was to see how far a participant was willing to increase the shock strength when presented with an order. According to Khan Academy “Moreover, even when the destructive effects of their work became patently clear, and they were asked to carry out actions incompatible with fundamental standards of morality, relatively few people have the resources needed to resist authority” (Khan Academy). The article also states, “When the results of the study came out, they were actually really disturbing because 65% of participants shocked all the way” (Khan Academy).
This relates back to Of Mice and Men because of how George was under the control and being told what to do by a higher power and he had to obey even if it meant hurting somebody. A news reporter for ABC tried this experiment. In this experiment, an actor was in a different room behind a wall and the person who the experimenters brought in was behind the other side of the wall with a box containing different voltages on it. The person who was brought in for the experiment was told if the person behind the wall answered a question wrong they would have to send an electric shock to the person.
In the experiment, Milgram uses purposeful deception as the teacher is the naive subject and is told they are participating in a memory and learner psychology experiment and are in charge of delivering shocks to the learner, who, in fact, is an actor. The majority of the participants in the study were obedient to the experimenter even though the experimenter "did not threaten the subjects with punishments such as loss of income, community ostracism or jail for failure to obey. Neither could he offer incentives" (Milgram 651). Despite having nothing to gain, the subjects continued participating in the experiment. The participants continued to administer shocks to the student because they were instructed to
Throughout experiment 12-13, Milgram wondered if the person who gives the orders would change; would the amount of obedience increase? His results indicated that yes, the amount of obedience increased. In experiment 12, the learner demands to continue with the experiment. However, the experimenter told the subject to stop at 150 volts. 100% of the subjects obeyed the experimenter while discarding the learners plead to continue.
His experiment was used to demonstrate how people respond to orders from people with authority no matter what the order was. He started by having participants test another “participant”, who actually was one of Milgram’s men who knew what was going on. Each time the fake participant chose the wrong answer, the real participant had to shock them with a higher voltage until they got to one that would be deadly. Milgram changed parts of the experiment to find variables that changed how far the real participant would go. He noticed that location and experimenter’s dress apparel changes how likely it is that the real participant would go to the deadly voltage.
Considering the findings of the Milgram’s experience I do not think the scientific community overreacted. There are guidelines to doing scientific experiments, and one is if the experimented is in any danger the test could be canceled. As I was learning about the Milgram’s research I felt a little uncomfortable, just knowing that the “teachers” are shocking people who answer wrong. Nonetheless, to find out the “learners” were actors it eased my mind.
“The perfect killer has no friends, only targets.” In Shirley Jackson’s “The Lottery” the villagers participate in an annual lottery that occurs every year. This story is an example of a “twist of fate.” Everyone in the village has to participate in the stoning of whoever is the lucky winner that is drawn. No matter your age or relation to the victim, it was expected of you to participate in this outraged act!
While arguably one of the defining psychological studies of the 20th Century, the research was not without flaws. Almost immediately the study became a subject for debate amongst psychologists who argued that the research was both ethically flawed and its lack of diversity meant it could not be generalized. Ethically, a significant critique of the experiment is that the participants actually believed they were administering serious harm to a real person, completely unaware that the learner was in fact acting. Although Milgram argued that the illusion was a necessary part of the experiment to study the participants’ reaction, they were exposed to a highly stressful situation. Many were visibly distraught throughout the duration of the test
The "teachers" continued, at the 180 volts mark the "learner" cried out that he cannot take it any longer. Once reaching 300 volts, the fifty-year-old "learner" yelled about his heart condition and begged to be released. At these points, a decent amount of "teachers" halted the experiment while a large percent continued until the final 450 volt question even though the "learner" had stopped responding. At the 150 volt mark those who were going to stop, did so. If I were in this position I would stop at the first sign of discomfort from the "learner."
The second experiment that Browning discusses in relation to the Battalion 101 is Stanley Milgrim’s shock study. Milgrim wanted to see if volunteers could watch another human being get shocked by their own doing. He placed an
For every pair that is incorrectly matched the voltage will go up, going all the way up to 450-volt shock. Also each time that the teacher is going to administer a shock they have to iterate the voltage amount. When the experiment begins nothing eventful occurs because the voltage levels are low. As the voltage starts going up we start to hear the learner making noises (uhg), initially the participant does not react. After it happens again we see the participant ask a question regarding the noise, but continues when instructed.
think that VCs are hard to regulate and monitor, as they involve different entities locally and internationally, most of the outside the traditional monetary system. Some regulators have started to respond to this issue. The regulators have developed several approaches, which include the possibility of applying the existing legislation to VCs, issuing warnings to consumers, enforcing licensing obligations on certain VC market players, banning financial institutions from dealing in VCs, completely prohibiting the usage of VCs, and suing abusers. However, these regulations are in early stage, and regulators should think more innovatively to address their concerns without harming the ongoing innovation (European Central Bank : Virtual Currency