Definition
There are many scientists that define the word motivation; Internal and external features which encourage aspiration and energy in the person to complete a certain task. The term motivation doesn’t focus in one dimension, it is a complex concept that deals with many angles. There are two types of motivation, extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. (Entwisted, 1998, p: 193).
Motivation also known as, necessities, wishes, supplies or pushes within each person. Its stimulate people to accomplish certain goals. So, in general motivation that something derive someone to do a certain job to achieve a goal.
Theories
Motivation has five general approaches that talks by using some theory point of view and how to reach these approaches.
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(Woolfolk, 2016, p: 472) for example, in a group work in a classroom the teacher can motivate students by asking them to choose their own projects according to their desires. In this case the students will work hard to accomplish the task in a good way because they are doing something they like.
Not always reward and punishments motivate the person to do thing, in Cognitive approach it’s important to seek previous experiences and the amount of information that a person has. That’s drive us to the Social cognitive theory, where important to individuals to expect the value of their goals. On other words if your expectation is high then your motivation is also high.
Needs, goals, believe and emotions
The self- determination theory (SDT) by Maslow, where he talks more about the term of need. (Woolfolk, (2016), p: 474). This theory is disturbed with backup our regular or basic leanings to perform in operative and strong ways. Everyone has essential psychological wants:
• Competence, tend to control the result and knowledge Independence and understanding.
• Relatedness, the common want to network, to communicate, and practice concerned for
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Where people try to decide why others do what they do, that is, understand reasons to an occasion or an action and there are three domain in this theory: locus, where the location of the cause, is it internal or external. Stability, do the cause change by the time or not?,. Finally, controllability, is the cause is under control or not?. (Woolfolk, 2016, p: 485).
The last idea about motivation is emotions, where they are very close to each other. People tend to achieve things according to their emotions and how do they feel about it. So people look at their emotions as motivate about accomplish a certain task.
Key elements of motivation
Three-part model which examine motivation which are direction, persistence and intensity. On other way by using three questions, what will you choose to accomplish a certain task? , How much effort and energy you will use? And how long will you pay strength and energy?
Elements of motivation and learning
Motivation is the important factor that educators can target in order to improve learning. To motivate students there are five important factors, learners, teachers, content, the ways and environment. To know that a students is motivated, the teacher can notice by certain things