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Indentured Servitude To Slavery

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Recommended: Mercantilism in the 1600 and 1700s

o African slavery developed in the Chesapeake colonies due to a demand of labor in regions with agricultural economies. As tobacco prices dropped and indentured servants became unfavorable due to a growing number of impoverished freedmen, slaves became the optimal choice and replaced indentured servitude due to the struggling economy. Slaves could endure hard labor and work for long hours, unlike the indentured servants who could not survive in rice paddies with malaria-ridden mosquitoes. Indentured servants were too expensive to maintain and import while slaves, racism made slavery possible. The gradual change from indentured servitude to slavery introduced ideas of racism and the social class gap between whites and blacks eventually leading …show more content…

James II was a Catholic and had two Anglican daughters which the rest of England was okay with. However, the wife of James II bore a son who reigned as a Catholic, Englishmen and women were full of shock. Political and religious asked William and Mary to oust James II and they did so, with small Dutch army, they marched to James II. The Glorious Revolution had shown the right of the people to change their form of government if the government did not protect their civil rights. It also helped create a limited monarchy which then was followed by the English Bill of …show more content…

More specifically, mercantilism stated that a nation’s exports should be higher than its imports. The British brought these policies together to form Navigation Acts for the colonies to follow such as exporting items like indigo, hemp and tobacco exclusively to Britain and where they are exported to. At first, the Navigation Acts made the colonists content because with the new regulations, colonists were able to import British goods such as tea and dishes, however, as time went on, British rule later tightened regulations using the colonies for its own economic advantage. Britain exploited the colonies by imposing a rule that colonial exports and imported goods would only be controlled by British merchants. Britain was able to profit off the colonial raw goods by setting fixed prices on crops sold by planters, forcing all planters to abide to fixed rates which they could have sold for more. Britain also set fixed prices for imported goods like tea and chinaware for merchants to buy in the colonies in which British could have easily marked up prices for profit, since none of the products were sold or produced in the colonies. Mercantilism and Navigation Acts helped establish several major transatlantic ports in Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Charles Town and also started a tense relationship between the British and the colonists

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The colonist were forced to buy british goods,and that’s how and why the colonist started smuggling goods. 1764 of the sugar act britian started lowering the prices of molasses and sugar from being six-pence to three pence.

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Settling in the New World provided both the American settlers and the British government with many opportunities. For the colonists, North America provided an opportunity to improve their lives and escape religious persecution. For the British, settlers in North America provided access to raw materials and new markets in which to sell finished goods. This mercantilist relationship continued for several years, until the colonists began to question Parliament’s right to treat them differently than other British citizens. Taxes were imposed on the colonists as a means of helping to pay the debt Britain had incurred fighting the French.

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Since trade was boosted, Americans came to accumulate a large amount of debt to the British creditors. (Henretta & Brody, 2010) In order to extract money from the colonist to repay their debt, the British then began to place tariffs on many common items that had no reason to be taxed. The colonies felt the same way and even though they had an underlying debt, they felt that this was the improper way to go about

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The British men gathered full control of the trading center present in the Americas, and created the Navigation Acts to help aid them in their tactics to take control over all trade within the Americas. The Navigation Acts were passed under a mercantilist system, and was used to regulate trade in a way that only benefitted the British economy. These acts restricted trade between England and its colonies to English or colonial ships, required certain colonial goods to pass through England before export, provided subsidies for the production of certain raw goods in the colonies, and banned colonial competition in large-scale manufacturing. This lowered the competition in the trading world for the British and caused the British to have a major surge in power, that greatly attributed to the growth of their rising empire. The British’s ambitious motives in the trading world help portray a way that the British took control of an important piece in the economy of all of the other nations present in the colonies in the time period, and shows another leading factor in the growth of the British empire.

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His two daughters, were both protestant, so James decided to raise his son in the Catholic faith. This seemed to be the last straw for the English, because they feared of a Roman Catholic dynasty, which was being set up. Soon after the birth of James’ child, leaders from various political parties invited the protestant William of Orange, along with his wife Mary (one of James’ daughters) to take over the English throne. In November of 1688, William arrived in England, and in December, James II fled to France. This change of leadership is known as the glorious revolution, and is especially known for involving very little fighting or bloodshed.

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Between 1750-1900, indentured servitude became much more popular due to the abolishment of slavery, the willingness of participants, the need for more workers, being able to be paid, and the movement of the world due to the Industrial revolution. Consequences to the popularization of Indentured Servitude were low wages, poor living conditions, and the mass immigration numbers to countries. During the years 1750-1900, the world was evolving to a more mechanical and industrial world compared to its past. But that does not mean agriculture as a whole was eliminated and an industry, people were still needed to work the fields and grow new plants and foods.

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Falen Graham Prof. Dockswell AMH 2010 9/21/15 Research Paper 1: Question 3 The British enacted several suffocating taxes and regulations upon the American colonies. The First Navigation Act, established in 1660, mandated that all trading ships must be built in Britain, the ship’s passengers must be seventy-five percent American or British, and specific goods could only be exported to Britain (class notes).

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Imports of lead, glass, paper, paint, and tea were taxed; the British government wanted the colonists to pay so they created punishments for colonists who

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The process of black slavery taking route in colonial Virginia was slow. Black slavery mostly became dominant in the 1680s. Slaves became the main labor system on plantations. The amount of white indentured servants declined so the demand for black slaves became necessary in the mid-1660s. The number of white indentured servants that Virginia had up until the mid 1660s, was enough to meet white peoples labor needs.

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In the beginning, the countries followed a policy of mercantilism, which strengthened the European economy without concern for the other countries in which they were settling. To build up their economies, the new colonies were usually prevented from trading with anyone but the mother country. By the mid-19th century, however, the mighty British Empire gave up mercantilism and trade restrictions. Free trade principles were introduced which allowed colonies to trade with few tariffs or restrictions. The European colonialism brought about by the Industrial Revolution prompted an early wave of globalization.

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The end of the fifteenth century is attributed as the time period in which Christopher Colombus “discovered” the Americas. Although he was allegedly the first European to have reached these unknown lands at the time, many sought to reach the new world, for a variety of reasons. Most of those people could be divided in two: the settlers and the conquerors. In North America, there were more of the former, people looking for a new home where they could rebuild their families and lives. In Meso-America, however, the goal was to exploit the lands in order to produce and extract new goods which they could trade.

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Colonists wanted British goods because they were a social status symbol of the time, and they were especially interested in clothing and household items. In return the colonists wanted trade to go both ways and to import American goods. When the British saw how prosperous the colonists were they decided to put a tax on imports from America, “Britain turned the ingenuity of American consumers into a justification for parliamentary taxation, based on reports of visitors ‘who saw a great display of luxury.” (S3, pg. 102) The colonists were not happy about this because they felt that “As the Americans prospered so too would the British.”

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Much of the population became farmers which provided imports to England. This helped to build a strong bond between Britain and America. The British relied strongly on colonial imports. Macmillan Learning states, “Despite the many differences among the colonists, the consumption of British exports built a certain material uniformity across region, religion,

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This made it clear that Britain’s prime source of income at the moment was indeed trade with her colonies. With later boycotts of British goods by the proud Americans, this proved to become a rather trying encounter for the British. More so, British militant involvement in the colonies proved to be costly, so Britain was simply paying itself back by selling things to its

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