Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, was part of the scientific revolution and depended on accurate observation and mathematical reasoning to synthesize astronomy and mechanics. He explained the earth and heavens in relation to a vast cosmic system in “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”. He argued that a law of universal gravitation, which is still used today, governs the movements of bodies in the universe. This law also allowed him to explain other phenomena such as the flow of tides, the orbits of planets and comets that reflect the gravitational pull sun, earth and other heavenly bodies. He transformed European science and inspired the later dramatic discoveries of other astronomers and physicists who began to turn away from