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Juvenile Offenders: Annotated Bibliography

496 Words2 Pages

The theme presented within both articles is a trend that has lead the juvenile justice system away from harsh punishments for juvenile offenders in recent years. The first article titled, Trends in Juvenile Justice State Legislation, addresses the recent shifts in juvenile justice policies from 2011–2015. After a dramatic increase in serious juvenile crime in the 1980s and early 1990s, legislature in nearly every state passed laws that would hold more juvenile offenders accountable through adult sentencing. Yet by 2015, it has been said that states continue to re–examine it’s policies to produce more effective response to juvenile crime and improve the overall system experience. According to the article, several factors can be attributed to …show more content…

She focuses on the shift made my the United States Supreme Court in it’s approach to juvenile sentencing since 2005. According to the article, the ideological shift has occurred as a response to the increase in biological and sociological studies, which points towards a fundamental difference between juvenile offenders and adult offenders. The note presented within the article addresses how the new mandates by the Supreme Court have been implemented around the country, with a focus on statutory changes Illinois should making moving forward. The note argues for the removal of lengthy, consecutive term–of–years sentences, based on the idea that it does not give juvenile offender the “meaningful opportunity for release” required by Graham. Secondly, the note argues that Illinois should amend its sentencing statutes to requires judges to consider several factors, while on record as a sentencing hearing, before sentencing a juvenile homicide offender to life in prison. The factors, laid out within the note, has been said to put Illinois at the forefront of ethical juvenile sentencing, while ensuring that it does not violate the authority of Miller. The article states that these theories have been criticized for being too ‘soft’ on punishment for juvenile who are convicted of felony murder. However, the author states that these suggestions are meant to allow for the protection the adolescents under the Eight

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Roper V. Simmons Case Summary

1659 Words | 7 Pages

This paper will study the case study of Roper Vs. Simmons in the juvenile death penalty and critical analysis of the Supreme court ruling. The article will also address various changes that have occurred as a result of this case with future suggestions of similar circumstances for the implementation of policies and court practices. Case Background Chris Simmons was only seventeen years old when he committed murder. Simmons planned with his friends how he would murder the victim by breaking into her house, robbing and typing the person up and finally throwing her down the bridge.

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Summary Of The Cole Cannon Case

1609 Words | 7 Pages

Society is dissatisfied due to the evolving violent crime rate since the 80s’, therefore, courts have been providing and urging longer sentences and harsher punishments for criminals to keep them from committing more crimes. Ultimately the majority agrees that before applying the harshest penalty of life without parole, the judge must at the very least consider all the circumstances that have led up to the juvenile committing the crime no matter how horrific in nature. “The Eighth Amendment’s prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment ‘guarantees individuals the

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Collier's Argument Analysis

137 Words | 1 Pages

Collier appears to have good intentions when she argues her case for changing the juvenile system; however, her argument seems to be limited to her own experiences and a handful of statistics to support her cause. Collier’s argument seems to balance on the belief that juvenile criminals will be deterred by harsher punishment, a notion that has been shown not to be true. When provided with the appropriate measures, juveniles have been shown to avoid recidivism at a rate that is significantly higher than juveniles sentenced through adult court. Collier is right when she argues for updating the juvenile justice system; however, her solution is far from correct when one considers the moral implications of sentencing, young, still developing minds

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Roper V. Simmons Case Study

958 Words | 4 Pages

Simmons effectively affects the juvenile population and forbids state and federal governments from sentencing any offender who commits a crime under the age of eighteen to death. The death penalty in the case of juveniles is considered unconstitutional as it violates the Eight Amendment’s ban on cruel or unusual punishment (Gretey 565). This decision was arrived at due to scientific evidence that psychologically differentiates between juveniles and adults. Major differences between the age groups affirm that a minor should not be held to the same standards as an adult regarding punishment for crimes. The court concluded that the three crucial differences in maturity, predisposition to influences, and character traits between adults and children affect their accountability for crimes (O’Neill

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Impact Of Roper V Simmons

1055 Words | 5 Pages

Roper v. Simmons is considered a landmark case and is one of a handful that shows a new direction in granting some relief from what has been established as harsh “adult” punishments for juveniles (Elrod & Ryder, 2014). In fact, many studies are showing that the differences between adults and juveniles are quite significant (Elrod & Ryder, 2014). The courts are realizing that these differences must be taking into account when dealing with juveniles in the criminal justice system (Elrod & Ryder, 2014). However, that being said, change does not occur overnight, and for the unforeseeable future, juveniles will still continue to be waived into adult courts (Elrod & Ryder, 2014).

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Karlan Stevenson Just Mercy

931 Words | 4 Pages

In an article about juvenile justice, it states, “Legislators have finally started to realize that treating juveniles just like adults does more harm than good,” says David DeMatteo, a professor of law at Drexel University in Philadelphia,” (“Juvenile Justice”). This supports Bryan’s claim of how juveniles were misunderstood in the past. This misunderstanding had caused most juveniles to end up in adult jails where they were mistreated and suffered from assault and abuse. Stevenson also stated that, “Many states had changed their laws to make it easier to prosecute children... Alabama had more juveniles sentenced to death per capita than any other state or any other country in the world,” (Stevenson, 93).

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Compare And Contrast State V. Booker

2129 Words | 9 Pages

The Supreme Court’s approach to the constitutionality of an automatic life sentence for juvenile homicide offenders focused on youth charged as juveniles while failing to acknowledge the modern trend to transfer juveniles to adult court for prosecution, resulting in a failure to incorporate protections for juveniles sentenced in adult court. Part II of this comment will review the history of case law concerning sentencing of juvenile offenders. Part III will evaluate the details and holding in Booker. Part IV will evaluate the Court’s reasoning in Booker. Part V will suggest how the Court may further protect juveniles in the justice

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Adult Crime Adult + 30-Time Analysis

259 Words | 2 Pages

Children are not Adults The controversial issue of juvenile crime is a frequently intangible topic. Naturally, most people find the idea of a young child committing a severe crime very appalling, as no one expects a wide-eyed child to engage in such a heinous act of misconduct. In the essay “Adult Crime, Adult +30Time”, Linda J. Collier affirms that children who engage in adult conduct should undoubtedly be sent to an adult prison (Collier 608). Clearly, a child should be penalized for a corrupt act such as murder, but, Ms. Collier’s solution is considerably harsh for a child of such a young age. In the order of criminal justice, a young child should certainly not be disciplined in the same manner as an adult.

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Pros And Cons Of Juvenile Life Without Parole

1528 Words | 7 Pages

Crimes are happening around us whether we pay attention to them or not. Those crimes as dangerous as murder are committed by all ages but should younger criminal in their juvenile age received the same punishment as older criminals. On June 25, 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that juveniles committed murder could not be sentenced to life in prison because it violates the Eighth Amendment.(On-Demand Writing Assignment Juvenile Justice) Advocates on the concurring side believes that mandatory life in prison is wrong and should be abolish. However, the dissenting side believe that keeping the there should be a life in prison punishment for juvenile who commit heinous crime regardless of their age.

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Minors In The Juvenile Justice System

1878 Words | 8 Pages

Doing away with juvenile courts would “assure greater procedural regularity in the determination of guilt” and eliminate the immense amount of subjectivity involved (Feld). Although this may assist in assigning guilt among juvenile offenders in more serious crimes, it may be slightly extreme to try minors in criminal court for petty offences. Feld addresses the apparent problem of subjectivity and trying minors in criminal court would help diminish that bias, yet he only considers the application of more serious crimes that would have mandatory sentences of five years or more, not both the serious crimes and the approach to smaller-scale crimes. Although he remains somewhat blind to part of the overall argument, the information provided is well researched and knowledgeable. Feld himself is also highly

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Why Juveniles Should Be Charged As Adults

911 Words | 4 Pages

Juveniles who commit a major crime (think of murder) might be let out earlier than an adult who also commits because they are in the juvenile system. “Violent crime rates and juvenile crime have been in a steady decline over the past 20 years; however, reforms to restore the juvenile court system to its original vision have not been as swift” (Marsha Levick). This evidence is important because it shows the importance of the Criminal Justice System and how it protects the

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Juveniles Tried As Adults

506 Words | 3 Pages

We have seen today in society of how crime rates have been rampant and how statistics show that most of the crimes were being made by minors. I believe that when most of them look at the bottom of these young offenders come disproportionately from impoverished single-parent homes that are located in the neighbourhoods desinvertido and have high rates of learning disabilities, mental health, and substance abuse and problems with the help of the system of juvenile justice that can make a great return on a successful transition to adulthood. Their ages ranged from 20 and under, most are under fifteen years of age. Juveniles tried as adults must assume the same consequences as any other criminal and are subject to state prisons with inmates much higher and that have probably committed crimes much more tortuous then you could ever have. These minors between the ages of nine to twenty according to the offence committed or of the number of times that are prosecuted and believe that it is immutable.

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Juvenile Rehabilitation In Adult Prisons

636 Words | 3 Pages

Juveniles in prison face increased violence and sexual abuse, and are at much higher risks of committing suicide than juveniles in juvenile prisons. In addition, the number of released prisoners that turn back to crime is much higher for those that were juveniles in adult prisons. Juveniles will face the consequences of their actions in juvenile prisons, but will also be given a second chance to change their lives through rehabilitation. It is time to stop failing this nation’s juveniles and build a system that benefits not only these children, but society as a whole through the end of a vicious criminal

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Essay On Ethical Issues In Juvenile Justice

849 Words | 4 Pages

There are differences between a juvenile court and criminal court in the United States. The focus of the juvenile justice system is on rehabilitation, in hope of deterring the minor away from a life of crime so they will not commit a crime again as an adult. In contrast, the criminal justice system focuses on the punishment and often bases the sentencing outcome on the criminal history of the youth. In a study conducted, Butler (2011) showed that the participants’ experience with adult jails and prisons show that those facilities may instill fear but are otherwise emotionally—and often physically—dangerous for youth. Many of the adult prisoners, who were minors when they enter the adult institution, felt they were forced to “grow

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Juvenile Crime Annotated Bibliography

1043 Words | 5 Pages

Annotated bibliography Childress, S. (2016, June 2). More States Consider Raising the Age for Juvenile Crime. Retrieved from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/more-states-consider-raising-the-age-for-juvenile-crime/ More states are considering to raising the age for juvenile crimes before being tried as adult because young offender's mental capacity. The idea is to cut the cost of incarcerate young offender in adult prison and ensure offenders to receive proper education and specialized care to change their behavior. Putting children in adult prison does not deter crime.

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