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Liberty And Union Speech By The Citizens Of South Carolina And Daniel Webster

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1). In both documents Daniel Webster and the citizens of South Carolina convey a strong argument regarding the topic of states being able to nullify federal laws. In the Liberty and Union speech, Daniel Webster addresses the topic and opposes the doctrine by stating how the government and Constitution was created by and for the people and on how the American people have preserved their own chosen Constitution for the past 40 years since it has been created. Because of this, the American people have prospered happily, grown and become stronger with America, as the country has progressed. While Daniel Webster stated valid points regarding South Carolina’s Senator Robert Haynes, in 1832, South Carolina held a convention to represent their official position on the nullification of federal laws towards President Andrew Jackson and the tariffs of 1832. …show more content…

In response to this, South Carolina created the Ordinance of Nullification, in which they justify their thoughts by explaining that Congress exceeded their power by imposing higher tariffs on foreign imports when it has no benefit for the Southern states which is why they supported the idea of states being able to nullify federal laws. After reading both documents, Daniel Webster’s speech was more persuasive since it acknowledges the Country as a union, and while South Carolina’s argument makes a valid point, Daniel Webster discusses how America is one whole country. Webster also discusses how all the states should be helping one another and that not a stripe shall be erased or pulled out, nor a single star in the American flag shall be obscured. This extends back to the moral idea of America being a country, not with seperate states but as the United

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Nullification was a controversial constitutional theory started by John C. Calhoun. He came up with the idea because he believed the tariff of 1816 was responsible for fall of South Carolinas economy. When in fact it was the exhausted farm land in the state which had caused the downfall. With his future political dreams resting on how he met this challenge in his home state he developed the theory of nullification. The theory stated that a state can suspend, within its boundaries, a federal law that was thought to be unconstitutional.

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“The lack of… nationality, I believe, is one of the great evils of the times…” Senator John Sherman stated on February 10, 1863. The United States had been split into sections from the beginning, and it created a lack of unity and togetherness. In Document A, the reader can acquire from the reading that South Carolina (and later many other states) seceded from the Union because of states’ rights. Document A states that an amendment (specifically the

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John C. Calhoun was Vice President under Andrew Jackson, and wrote this paper, although his name did not appear on it. He used Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Kentucky Resolves as a source. The Kentucky Resolves stated that states had the authority to determine whether the federal government had passed a bill into law that exceeded their power. If that were the case, individual states could declare said law null and void in their jurisdiction. John C. Calhoun used this document to explain South Carolina’s grievances with the tariffs.

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Roger Sherman was born on April 19th, 1921 in Newton, Massachusetts. When he was two years old, his father moved the family to Stoughton. He attended a grammar school at the age of thirteen, and also received an education from Reverend Samuel Danbar. Rev. Danbar got an education from Harvard and was the minister at Sherman’s Congregational Church. Sherman became a member of the Congregational Church in 1742, where he later became a Deacon

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This document was a threat to the United States telling anyone who read it that if the tariff wasn’t taken off the South that South Carolina would secede. This meant that South Carolina would become its own country. The book also said that the states had the right to seceded if they wanted to, it was there right to reject the laws. This document didn’t have any real power in the House of Representatives when brought to

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ATTENTION GETTER: On this very day, 241 years ago, in front of the second Virginia Convention, a man stood up and gave a speech. The passion he conveyed through his words would be immortalized in american culture. PSYCHOLOGICAL ORIENTATION: “Give me liberty or give me death!”.

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It is true to say that by the 1850’s the Constitution went from an instrument of unity to a source of tension, and lead to the failure of the union. The Constitution originally helped maintain peace, but when issues over slavery appeared, it failed to provide the guidance the union needed. Because of differing interpretations of the Constitution and the multiple conflicts, it lead to disunion. Because not everyone could agree on what the constitution implied, it led to the failure of the union. Document E states: “The words ‘slaves’ and ‘slavery’ are not to be found in the Constitution, and therefore that it was never intended to give any protection or countenance to the slave system, it is sufficient to reply..

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Webster argued that from the beginning the Revolution had been a crusade of the united colonies rather than of each separately. True sovereignty, he stated, resided in the people as a whole for whom both state and federal governments acted as agents in the people's behalf. Haynes agreed with Calhoun and thought that states could nullify laws but Webster argued that it would lead to a civil war. Andrew Jackson, a slave owner and a southerner, was president while Calhoun was vice president. Jackson supported the Union and didn’t agree with the nullification.

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The North had been pressuring the South for years at this point, but it had not yet done anything significant enough for their actions to be considered offensive. The governments of the southern states had begun to assemble an army. In South Carolina “the state legislature prepared to arm a defense force of 10,000 men” (Dew, 25). The thought of secession was one not focused upon the defence of the confederate state, rather the focus was upon the revolutionary aspect of it. In the document, the “Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union,” they compare their leaving the union to the thirteen colonies leaving the control of the British Crown.

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A negotiated taxation that appeased South Carolina and a bill allowing the application of action to protect repeal were both passed by Congress after. Consequently, this only represents one version of the story, the one in favor of

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(Khan Academy, 2016) This was a very unrealistic and terrible idea, as this would mean any state could nullify any law they wanted and blame it on being “unconstitutional”. Because of the pamphlet, South Carolina began to claim that The Tariff of Abominations was unconstitutional and planned to refuse to follow it. Jackson heard about this, and despite being a fan of the South, knew this would set the stage for the entire South to secede from the U.S, as he thought of “Nullification as a prelude into secession” (Khan Academy, 2016). So, Jackson began lowering The Tariff of Abominations to appease South Carolina and other

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The southerners had originally expected Andrew Jackson to reduce tariffs, considering he was from the south, but he instead made a compromise that gained the support of most northerners and about half of southern Congress members. South Carolina, however, was not satisfied with this. They were quick to call for nullification on the tariff, especially after John C. Calhoun wrote anonymously the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, and that is how the 1832 Ordinance of Nullification came about. This action taken by South Carolinians was most likely swayed by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson’s theories of nullification in the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. Jefferson’s charged rhetoric had introduced to the people the evidence that nullification is part of their given rights, which stayed present in the South

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In addition to this, when John C. Calhoun seek to abolish the federal tariff, the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were invoked during the Nullification Crisis. The resolutions also influenced the Southern succession in the 1860s which resulted in the American Civil War. For Jefferson, himself, they have gained three advantages from the resolutions in the following way: one, it showed them the reasoning of the states who rejected the resolutions; two, it acted as a firm protest against the principle of the constitution as well as the president; and three, it express their warm attachment to the union of their sister states which they believed will be

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Webster states that equal land distribution is more important to freedom, than free speech, trial by jury, or other rights, because “wherever we cast our eyes, we see this truth, that property is the basis of power; and this, being established as a cardinal point, directs us to the means of preserving our freedom.” (111) With this statement, Webster presents the people with the idea, that free speech, trial by jury, and other rights does not present the same significance of power or freedom, that owning property does. Therefore, people should be fighting for laws, which abolish the right to inherit land, rather than the right to speak freely. Once one accumulates enough land, they hold the power to freely express the rights, which are referred

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