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Objective Hearing Literature Review

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CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter are divided into three part. The first part is about the term definition. It explained about the term related to the topic of the research. Then, the second part disscussed in detail all about the tympanometry including the definition, the test, how to conduct the test, the result of the test, and the disease related to the test. Last but not least, the final part of this chapter described about the effect of the race, gender and age to the tympanometry’s result. 2.1 TERM DEFINITION In this sub chapter three term will be defined; norm, malay and young adult. The first term is norm. Norm is defined as an accepted standard or a way of behaving or doing things that is most people agree with (Cambridge …show more content…

It is one of the objective hearing tests that are used in Audiology clinic. According to National Acoustic Laboratories, the objective hearing test require only passive co-operation from the participant. The test is performed to gain insight into the potential causes of the abnormality. The electophysiological testing and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are also the objective audiometric test. Most of the objective audiometric tests provide information about the hearing mechanism only. The tests are intended to show subject’s auditory function by recording physiological information rather than behavioral responses. The information from the test gives an assumption regarding the subject’s ability to hear. The tests are classified according to the part of the hearing mechanism. For example the tympanometry is to assess the middle ear system, and otoacustic emission tests the mobility of outer hair …show more content…

Otitis media effusion is classified as sub-acute when it persists from three weeks to three months after the onset of acute otitis media. After three months, it is classified as chronic otitis media. The upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is one of the most common factors that can trigger the acute otitis media. Other than that, the obstruction of Eustachian tube is the most significant precursor event associated with acute otitis

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Also, the Bodyscope is a very practical device. Unlike state of the art devices that needs to be worn around the wrist, attached to phones or integrated with cameras; the Bodyscope latches directly with the part of the body responsible for sending out these acoustic signals, that is, the neck or throat. 4. What assumptions are the authors making?

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Unit Four - State Hearing Question 2 The filibuster is essential to good governance in the United States. By nature, this arrangement works to protect minority rights, encourage compromise, and prevent impromptu legislation. Although indispensable, the filibuster must be reevaluated and modified to prevent impotence in the Senate.

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The evaluator should evaluate all the areas that impact learning ( sight, hearing, etc.) so that

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According to Ron Dagan, acute otitis media (middle ear infection) are most common in kids 3 months old to 3 years old. (Dagan p. 1). In Clinical Bacteriology of Recurrent Otitis Media with Effusion, it states, “antibiotic resistance has increased due to indiscriminate overuse and misuse of antibiotics.” The overuse of an antibiotic and/or using the wrong antibiotic to treat the sickness has made bacteria more resistant to the antibiotics. Later on in the passage, Dagan adds, “we collected nine hundred middle ear fluid samples for six hundred fifty four pediatric patients who underwent ventilation tube insertion due to OME…”

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For a Deaf Son is a documentary about Thomas Thranchin, who was born deaf to hearing family. His father, a filmmaker, produced this documentary to offer an intimate look at how parents of a deaf child make decisions. The documentary is compiled together with interviews from audiologist, families of children with hearing loss, other expert in the field, as well as home videos of Thomas. Thomas was discovered to be profoundly deaf at the age of one and could only hear high frequency sound. This meant that with hearing aids on him, he could acquire speech and language with therapy.

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Through the deaf eyes is a film about what is like to be deaf; it also tells us about the history, as well as challenges deaf culture has faced. It speaks about Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Laurent Clerc the creators of the first school for the deaf, also deaf clubs, and people today who have changed perspectives of the deaf community. Gallaudet University was the first environment where deaf community can come together and begin their history and culture teaching deaf children how to speak would benefit them more in the future; however that was not the case, and many thought it was a waste out time as they got older. They feel that they should have focused on sign language, so that they can learn more instead of spending years on learn to

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Within the Deaf Culture movement, there is ongoing controversy on whether or not a child should have their “deafness” surgically removed. Cochlear implant surgery is an ever progressing technological advancement, and while many parents of Deaf children oppose this surgery, there is talk of sueing those parents who deny cochlear implants for children that are appropriate candidates for the surgery. Throughout Adam B. Zimmerman’s “Do You Hear the People Sing? Balancing Parental Authority and a Child’s Right to Thrive: The Cochlear Implant Debate,” this issue of legally overriding parental authority is examined with the use of scholarly language and credibility as a writer for the “Journal of Health & Biomedical Sciences”, as well as various forms

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Annotated Bibliography: Deafness/Disability - problematising notions of identity, culture and structure In the essay, “Deafness/Disability - problematising notions of identity, culture and structure, Mairian Corker focuses on the tension between Deaf and disabled people. As Corker analyzes the division between Deaf and disabled people she reflects on Margaret Archer’s views. Corker explains that Margaret Archer viewed “ the structural (‘parts’) and cultural (‘people’) domains are substantively different, as well as being relatively autonomous from each other” (Corker 2002). Throughout her essay Corker talks about the different theories in Deaf studies and disability studies to explain the same issues.

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Introduction: Social norms are the base templates which guide our behavior everyday. Social norms entail an expected behavior based off of those norms, and that we will conform to those expectations on a regular basis. These norms rise from our evolution of social dynamics. As the people in a society consistently interact with each other and other components of society, people begin to form a certain set of expectations on how the interactions and situations should proceed. As a large portion of society begins to conform to this standard, the certain behaviors that one would have in a particular situation will start to be considered as normative behaviors.

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Over 300,000 people around the world have received cochlear implants (NIDCD, 2014). Research showing the importance of early intervention for children with hearing loss has led to children receiving the implants (CIs) earlier and earlier. However, by the time children are approved for the implant, have the surgery, and have the implant programmed, they can lose up to two years of hearing experience. This lost time puts children behind their normal-hearing peers in speech, language, and social development. After so much lost time, children need extra support to catch up to their hearing peers.

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Furthermore, students with disabilities should be included in this sample of student so that it will be a valid comparison for disabled students, too. Norm groups provide standard scores used to determine if a student is average, above average or below average, which allows for determining if a student is at the appropriate level, above or below it. Also, these tests must be shown to be valid or test the areas they are designed to measure.

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There are many times when I have been in situations where I could think sociological, but I did not until my first sociology class, which happens to be this one. Because of this, I have reflected on situations and circumstances from the past and concurring everyday life. These examples include being on an elevator, coming to college and meeting new people, having interviews with people of higher power, watching movies, such as The Breakfast Club, Sociologically, norms can be defined as shared expectations or unwritten rules. They can be Mores, which is right versus wrong, or Folkways, meaning polite versus rude. Norms govern behavior, collective, and includes sanctions.

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Immunity is when a person is in a state of being resistant to a particular pathogen. The two types of defense are innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the defenses present at birth and always present to protect us against diseases. Innate immunity does not have a memory response but helps to prevent microbes from gaining access to the body and helps to eliminate those that enter the body. An example of the first line of defense is intact skin and an example of the second line of defense is fever.

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Is it morally permissible for a deaf couple to select for a deaf child? Would it be acceptable if the preimplantation genetic diagnosis provides the opportunity and hearing impaired parents choose to have a child with hearing disability? Some people draw parallels with intentionally harming a baby, e.g. depriving the child of his/her hearing sense . Thus, they say, it is unethical. Some people argue that by choosing the child with disability it harms the society .

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