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The Pros And Cons Of Norm-Referenced Tests

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Norm-referenced tests are created by professionals, researched and published. They are used to compare a student with others that are similar to them. These comparable students are a norm reference group that is compose of those with similar culture, background, ethnicity, sex and other characteristics. Furthermore, students with disabilities should be included in this sample of student so that it will be a valid comparison for disabled students, too. Norm groups provide standard scores used to determine if a student is average, above average or below average, which allows for determining if a student is at the appropriate level, above or below it. Also, these tests must be shown to be valid or test the areas they are designed to measure. …show more content…

Norm-referenced tests have been researched for many years prior to publishing and actually using them for diagnosing. They provide a norm group which is used for comparison to determine the level of the student. Furthermore, their best use is determining strengths and weaknesses of a student to use when making placement decisions. Whereas, criterion referenced tests can be teacher created or published evaluations, if they are published they are not usually researched to the level of norm-referenced tests. Also, these tests are used to determine how much of the content being taught the students are understanding. So, this assessment is at a more detailed level than norm-referenced testing. These tests can be used for social and behavioral skills as well as academic. The norm-referenced tests are for academic …show more content…

The reason for this is because the cause can be very difficult to determine. For socially constructed disabilities, it is important to determine if the cause is actually a disability or if the child is does not fit into the expected norms of society. In other words, is this a true disability or is it considered a disability due to social norms and standards. Furthermore, do these social constructs cause the exclusion of students from general education classroom or other situation that students would normally be allowed to participate? If a student’s behavior is far away from what his expected, they may be seen as unable to participate in the normal everyday life of a student. The more closely aligned the behavior is to societal norms, the more likely they are to be included in activities. This model is basically saying that societies’ standards may be creating the problem or defining the

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The collection that I have so far is; students wide screeners which seek to identify students who may be struggling, individual assessments which attempt to track development, such as a spelling inventory, pretests which assess how much student’s know before beginning a unit, formative assessments

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L’Anse is a heritage viking or Norse site discovered in 1960 and is the most famous site in North America other than Greenland. The archaeological site is on the north tip of Newfoundland . L’Anse Aux Meadows dates back to around 1000 so it's the only site that is accepted at the first contact of of Pre- Columbian-trans-oceanic contact before Christopher Columbus. It is also known for its possible relationship with Leif Erikson and his attempted colony of Vinland. In 1960 the remains of the Norse village were found by Archeologist Anne Stine Ingstad and explorer Helge Ingstad.

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A test was design for each required lab and it was repeated until students achieved mastery as students were tested on these four labs in the exam. This was done as the item analysis revealed that the students were weak in these

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In order to develop a standardized test that is valid and reliable, the

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Describe the purpose of each of these two types of assessment. 1. Universal Screening: All students are assessed using a universal screening to identify students exhibiting learning difficulties. Typically, the students’ who scored fall below the 25% are considered to be placed in a Tier 1 to begin an immediate intervention. Frequency of the screening, selection of the screening measure, criteria

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If they are successful in this, it is then evident they learned something from the unit and what was taught. For the second assessment, it asks many different types of questions, including true/false, multiple choice, open ended, and word problems. By doing this, students are having to use their knowledge and understanding of the material and apply it to many different types of

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Purpose/Objective: The purpose of the study was to test the differences in fitness levels between kinesiology students and non-kinesiology students. Participants: There were 210 undergraduate kinesiology students over a five-year period that participated in this study. Main Outcome Measures: Students were required to perform the vertical jump test, t-test, 50yd dash, and stork stand test. Normative standards were used to compare the students to the average population (50th percentile).

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Furthermore, preparing for rigorous standardized testing is taking time away from teaching the required curriculum. The excessive testing is also imposing an unhealthy amount of stress of students. Therefore, the Ohio Department of Education should reduce standardized testing due to its cultural biases, high-stakes, and reduction in curriculum. Minorities are typically at a disadvantage when taking a standardized test, because they are already at a racial, cultural, and socioeconomic disadvantage prior to the test. The resulting disparity in test scores is known as the test score gap.

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The test should be on level how you gone know if a student learning if the test below

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These days, the number of people who take tests as an admission college is getting to higher since it can be one of advantage for getting job opportunities the fact they graduate university. According to statistic brain(2016), the number of students enrolled universities is recorded 17,487,475 in 2016, which is included both private and public university. As you can know, students,who decide to enter a university, are increasing rapidly and it will have been more important for undergraduate. So, it can be said that importance is attached to the format of the test as well.

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One way to ensure that I am not inadvertently discriminating against students on the basis of their disability is to make my assessments as valid as possible. A valid assessment will measure only those skills and knowledge that I have set out to measure, i.e. those that are detailed in the learning outcomes and assessment criteria. As such, a student shouldn't be penalised for poor spelling and grammar if the criteria state that the assessment will measure understanding of the subject. Moore A

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Some factors that can influence how a test is taken is by who the test is reaching out to. The test should not only be developmentally appropriate, but it should be designed for different ethics and races. The book mentions how they take the “norm” score of the testers and compare future test takers to that score, but how we know that the norm fits everyone? Another factor is that the tests punish economically disadvantaged children and children who do not speak English as their first language. Children can be stressed when taking the test, causing them to overthink the situation.

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Thus, they will achieve higher grades. Moreover, they will be greatly engaged in the society as they are building bridges with their peers from several backgrounds. On the long run, teachers, parents, and the society as a whole would develop. Students with learning disabilities should be included in the “normal” classroom because it improves their academic performance, social behavior, and communication language. One reason why students with learning disabilities should be in the normal classroom is that inclusion improves their academic performance.

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Standardized tests are tests designed to evaluate a student’s performance and as well as the teacher’s performance where these tests contain the same set or common questions which are taken by the students annually in the same way (The Johnson Center, n.d.). However, these tests may also vary depending on which of the student’s or school’s ability would they like to evaluate. Standardized tests are of different forms. There are tests intended to evaluate a student’s learning and academic progress¬—if a student was able to learn what he/she was supposed to learn¬—over a period of time.

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In “The Myth of the Normal Curve” Dudley-Marling & Gurn discuss standards students are expected to meet based on statistics, which creates social hierarchies for students. People are expected to reach a certain standards to be deemed as “normal,” but this leads to obstacles for students with disabilities because they may fall under the standards. The ideas discussed in these chapters correlate with Jonathan Mooney’s “The Short Bus” he shares his personal experiences as well as the stories he has heard through his journey. In these two works, it is evident that the idea of normalcy, which if formed by statistics, isolates students from their communities when their performance in school is considered below average.

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