Infectious Disease Report
Name of the disease is Lyme disease.; an bacterial infection spread through the bite of one of several types of ticks. Lyme disease is caused by the bacteria called Borrelia burgdorferi (B burgdorferi).
This bacteria is found in natural outdoor landscape such as garden, forest, places with tall grasses, etc. The ticks pick up the bacteria when they bite mice or deer that are infected with B burgdorferi. Humans are not the only host.
This disease is transmitted through the bite of one of several types of ticks.
Person's behaviors put them at risk for getting this disease are
Doing outdoor activities that increase tick exposure (ex. Gardening, hunting or hiking) in an area where Lyme disease occurs.
Having
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Local rate of ticks carrying B burgdorferi is 20% or higher.
A 10 day to 4-week course of antibiotics is used to treat people who are diagnosed with Lyme disease, depending on the choice of drug:
The choice of antibiotic depends on the stage of the disease and the symptoms.
Common choices include doxycycline, amoxicillin, azithromycin, cefuroxime, and ceftriaxone.
Pain medicines, such as ibuprofen, are sometimes prescribed for joint stiffness.
Preventive measure to reduce the risk of infections include:
Be extra careful during warmer months. When possible, avoid walking or hiking in the woods and areas with high grass.
If a tick is attached to you, follow these steps to remove it:
Grasp the tick close to its head or mouth with tweezers. DO NOT use your bare fingers. If needed, use a tissue or paper towel.
Pull it straight out with a slow and steady motion. Avoid squeezing or crushing the tick. Be careful not to leave the head embedded in the skin.
Clean the area thoroughly with soap and water. Also wash your hands thoroughly.
Save the tick in a jar.
Watch carefully for the next week or two for signs of Lyme
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Wear long sleeves and long pants with pant legs tucked into your socks.
Spray exposed skin and your clothing with insect repellant, such as DEET or permethrin. Follow instructions on the container.
After returning home, remove your clothes and thoroughly inspect all skin surface areas, including your scalp. Shower as soon as possible to wash off any unseen ticks.
Current statistics:
In 2015, 95% of confirmed Lyme disease cases were reported from 14 states:
Connecticut
Delaware
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Minnesota
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin
Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vectorborne illness in the United States. In 2015, it was the sixth most common Nationally Notifiable disease. However this disease does not occur nationwide and is concentrated heavily in the northeast and upper Midwest.
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