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Martin Luther King Fair Housing Discrimination Act

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In 1966, a housing discrimination bill in favor of President Lyndon Johnson was relinquished by the United States Senate. Subsequently, after two years, civil rights advocates tried to pass the same discrimination bill. Following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr, the U.S. Senate permitted a Fair Housing Act which prohibited private discrimination in housing sales and rentals. What stood out to me in this section of The Color of Law is how an assassination was needed to establish the ethical bill. It is almost like the U.S. Senate was waiting for a perfect time to pass it. In my opinion, Martin Luther King Jr should not have been the reason to pass this bill. This makes it seem like the bill was passed just to show sympathy.
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While there were reductions of discriminatory barriers in the labor market, African-Americans were not affected by upwards mobility. Going from lower ranks to the middle class in the national income distribution is difficult for everyone to do, especially African-Americans. “For those born to parents in the bottom income quintile, over half remain there as adults, and only a quarter make it to the middle quintile or higher” (Rothstein, 2017, pg. 184). This meant the only access to jobs and schools were low due to the lack of mobility. Another point is how the Section 8 program segregates African-Americans and other minority groups to low-poverty neighborhoods. Due to the socioeconomic status of Section 8 housing applicants, vouchers are commonly needed. Since the vouchers are too small to rent in middle-class areas, the only way to take advantage of the voucher is to move to an even more segregated neighborhood than the one they were already living in. As a result, minorities are clustered once again, in neighborhoods with no diversity.
The information given in this chapter correlates to the article Gentrification by Ajay Panicker. In both pieces, gentrification is seen as affecting African-American and other minority groups living situations. As viewed in The Color of Law, gentrification through private housing, redevelopment projects, and highway routing had forced low-income neighborhoods to leave and search in different locations. This negatively affects minorities and causes them to face difficult

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On a normal scale, measuring the association between two subjects, one would assume gentrification and school segregation are not related in any sense. In fact, most would argue that school segregation ended in 1954 with the Brown v. Board of Education. This assumption would be incorrect. Deep within the American society lies a new kind of segregation that is neither talked about nor dealt with. Segregation is a result of gentrification—the buying and renovation of houses in deteriorated neighborhoods by upper-income families or individuals—thus, improving property values but often displacing low-income families.

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On the whole, King demonstrates how a man-made law is unjust, a promise being broken because of color and also always being told to wait. The “wait” will never happen. How is something fair if it is a man-made law, how do we know if it is biased. Higher officials said it would happen but it didn’t go through so it wasn’t a held promise. Racism still is around but not as bad, without Martin Luther King Jr. we would have seen the difference between treating someone from color then by

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, among other landmark legislation, were direct results of the activism and advocacy led by Dr. King and his contemporaries. These laws aimed to dismantle systemic racism and uphold the principles of the social contract by guaranteeing equal rights and protections for all citizens. However, it is important to acknowledge that Dr. King's work was not without challenges and opposition. He faced significant resistance, threats, and violence throughout his life.

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The relationship between society and the law is direct, and housing in America is a conclusive example of that. As argued by both authors, once society has made up its mind about a certain group of people or place such as the ghettos, even the law can’t change those facts. It often happens that people of color and minorities get overlooked and stereotyped into something that they are not due to the hierarchical and discriminatory principles of the law. It has been engrained into society to think that minorities are poor, lazy, and overall less productive in the public

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Human life is vibrant, yet so frail and so fertile yet so poisonous. When President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 he did this thinking about the American and non- American public. He approved this law to prohibit discrimination, create integration and bring equality to the citizens of America. Although we may not think about it during our day to day life it is thanks to documents like these that we are able to live in a society that can expand and be improved if the community as a whole works towards that.

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Lance Freeman, an associate professor of urban planning in Columbia, wanted to investigate if there was any displacement going on in two predominantly black neighborhoods that was briskly gentrifying. Much to his dismay, he couldn’t find any correlation between gentrification and displacement. What was surprising to Freeman was his discovery, “poor residents and those without a college education were actually less likely to move if they resided in gentrifying neighborhoods”. (Sternbergh, 19) Freeman adds, “The discourse on gentrification, has tended to overlook the possibility that some of the neighborhood changes associated with gentrification might be appreciated by the prior residents.” (Sternbergh, 19)

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Being that I am from Washington, D.C., a city that has had its fair share of gentrification, as well as always having an interest in cities and real estate, there would be a time where I would have to take a position on the topic. As a business finance major in college and coming from a family who has worked in the finance and real estate world, gentrification has been a recurring topic on my mind. While gentrification is a controversial and subjective topic with benefits and detriments, both of which I have listed above, I believe that gentrification does more bad than good. I am against gentrification for many reasons, one of which is the displacement of a whole community, the majority if which is people who look like me.

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