Harrison Kass
Math 2700
What is logic?
What is logic? What are the different types of logics? What are the similarities and differences between those logics? And how the logic of transdisciplinarity differ from the other logics?
Logic is the study of principles of correct reasoning. An understanding of logic will help correctly arrange supporting evidence that leads to a conclusion. Statements in logic must have clear meaning along with being true or false. Statements cannot be both true and false at the same time.
We can look at symbolic logic first, the most mathematical method of logic thinking. This method of thinking explains how to translate English into their corresponding symbols and show how proofs can be developed using
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Lets look at the statement it is raining or it is not raining”. Here you are speaking the truth. The same can be said of any other statement having the symbolic form “p Ú ~p”. We can confirm this statement with truth table below. (Fig3)
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The statement is true whether p is true or false. The statement is necessarily true just because of its logical form, is called a tautology. In a truth table, the column under a tautology consists of all T's. (Webster dictionary)
Logic in flowcharts is another key component; Flow charts are used to indicate how process will occur as you progress through different levels of the laid out path. Flow charts are organizational management tool that help lay a problem out in a more digestible manner. They are used to outline a logical solution to a problem. Flowcharts are broken down even further by using symbols to help the viewer understand what is being laid out. This is done with 4 basic symbols: START/STOP, STATEMENT SYMBOL, Decision Symbol, and the FLOW LINE SYMBOL. Below I have designed a flow chart to demonstrate how a problem can be solved using the listed symbols and logical thinking stated above. (fig.3)
By laying the problem out we can logically solve it by following steps that are easy to follow and have clear and concise start and stop
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Some times experience and experimentation can help one understand a flow chart based on past experience they have had. This is inductive reasoning and we can use to predict future experience by looking at present patterns seen in our present experiences.
Deduction can also play a significant role in understanding flow charts. These are conclusions based on accepted premises. Using the above flow chart as an example, we can accepted the premise that with out power the computer will not turn on, we infer this because most electronic devices require a power source. By creating flow charts complex problems become manageable.
These are also they main difference between these two logics symbolic logic requires symbols to function. With these symbols we translate them to English while flowcharts are used to simply problems that can be solved with inductive or deductive