ipl-logo

Memory And Misinformation Essay

689 Words3 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Literature review on misinformation effects

Ecker et al investigated the impact of different levels of emotional media material and how that can affect memory and the continued influence of misinformation. It is claimed by many researchers such as Levine and Pizarro that ‘emotional information leads to a better memory’, for example source monitoring, which is high when retrieving an emotional stimuli. Nonetheless, other research suggests that emotional material may be more vulnerable to false memories than neutral material in some cases and thus result to ‘flashbulb-like memories for events that were never witnessed’.
The aim of the study was to test the ‘continued influence of misinformation’ through the use of different levels of emotional stimuli’s this is by testing participants …show more content…

The researcher used ‘two design variables’ of the two levels of emotionality. Some conditions included no-retraction, retraction and casual- alternatives e.g. a faulty fuel tank was to blame instead of a bad weather. This was incorporated in the experiment to compare the two results and to test the hypothesis more effectively through the use of misinformation. The results showed, although there were many different conditions there was no real effect on memory and the influence of misinformation regarding the levels of emotionality, this is due to ‘the planned contrast between low and high emotionality being non significant, F < …show more content…

There were some changes in the scenarios such as the plane had emergency landing instead of just exploding in the sky after a terrorist attack. Again the results were similar to the other experiments, where the emotionality of the scenarios had no major effect on memory nr the continued influence of misinformation although the self report survey did see an influence on the level of emotionality in the

Show More
Related

Andersons Case Study

539 Words | 3 Pages

In Gittins, Paterson, and Sharpe (2006) study they tested how traumatic situations effect the way they remember things. The participants of the study were shown a video of what happened after a car accident. The video showed many hurt victims and at the end a dead body with a mangled face. The participants had a task of writing everything they remembered about the video. Then they filled out a Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, which assess the participants lever of stress, anxiety and depression.

Read More

Compare And Contrast Talarico And Rubin

684 Words | 3 Pages

Jennifer M. Talarico and David C. Rubin where the experimenters for their unique experiment that took almost 2 years to achieve. Their experiment was conducted a day after September 11th with the terrorist attacks. They set out to test the accuracy on flashbulb memories compared to ordinary memories. Flashbulb memories are extremely vivid, long-lasting memories for unexpected, emotionally laden, and consequential events (Talarico, J., & Rubin, D, 2003, p. 455).One may think they remember a significant event accurately because of the emotional impact on them. We tend to recall more tragic events or ones that we think have a greater influence with them.

Read More

Episodic Memory Of 9/11 Essay

638 Words | 3 Pages

September 11th of 2001, one of New York’s most tragic days, is an episodic memory that will forever be a day of remembrance. The events of this day shattered millions of Americans across the U.S, causing them to feel the same pain as those who were close to each scene. As mentioned in the article “9/11 Attacks,” “nineteen militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda, hijacked four airliners and carried out suicide attacks against several targets in the United States.” Two of the planes that were hijacked flew into the Twin Towers standing in New York City. The third was designated to hit the Pentagon located just outside of Washington D.C and the fourth crashed in a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania.

Read More

Missrepresentation Essay

610 Words | 3 Pages

Prompt #1. Evoking pathos: The MissRepresentation film is filled with attempts of appealing to public emotions, using violent, offensive and sexual derogatory images for women to appeal to the emotions. From the beginning and all over the entire film the speaker mentions her unborn offspring and her fears for her child growing up in a world that is so discriminating and derogatory to women. She refers to her pregnancy and realizing that her baby would be a girl that the reason to start looking how to make a transformation in the way of how society and the media perceive women.

Read More

9-11 Historical Analysis

849 Words | 4 Pages

The reason that historians differ on the causes, effects, and who was responsible for “historical events” is because memory is reconstructive and unreliable. Therefore the written history of 9-11 is affected by bias because the writers, children, and adults memories are affected by the schemas of each one’s individual culture. This can change the recollection of 9-11 and other traumatic events. Memories linked to 9-11 differ between different cultures.

Read More

False Memories And False Confessions Summary

710 Words | 3 Pages

Emma Bryce, a science and environmental journalist wrote an article for WIRED titled “False memories and false confessions: the psychology of imagined crimes”. She bases her article on the experience of a criminal psychologist, Julia Shaw and studies of a cognitive psychologist, Elizabeth Loftus. The article describes several cases where false memories resulted in getting innocent people in jail. Julia’s job is to study what triggers false memories we encounter every day and how the results of her studies can be applied to the criminal-justice system where it is very important to detect them. As she said, unfortunately, the police still makes a lot of mistakes that put innocent people in prison, so her job is to fix this by providing scientific

Read More

Stories We Tell

1311 Words | 6 Pages

Although on the surface, the element of memory in the study of psychology may seem basic and rudimentary, the depths of memory are essentially, untapped. To truly understand the depths of memory, one must understand the storage of memory, the recollection of memory, and the processes of sharing memories. In order to obtain a better understanding of the subject matter, the examination of the independent documentary, Stories We Tell, was applied. Memory is also conceptualized into types, stages, and processes. These principles were measured in the lucrative and thorough examination of a childhood memory.

Read More

False Memories In Psychology

1054 Words | 5 Pages

They utilized the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm, which was a list of words which subjects were presented for recall or recognition to measure valence and a Brief Mood Introspection Scale (BMIS) scale, to measure subject 's moods. They hypothesized that if positive valence of mood is responsible for false memories happy and serene groups should show higher levels of recall and recognition. In the study, they had 222 subjects. The participants were all assigned to one of five different mood groups. It was concluded from their study that false memories were not due to valence and mood but instead arousal.

Read More

Misrepresentation Essay

553 Words | 3 Pages

When pronouncing Miss Representation aloud it sounds out as misrepresentation. This title is a clever play on words that has so many meanings. It shows how women are misrepresented in the media and how one body type or “Miss” is being used to represent and reinforce the stereotypes portrayed by the media of women. One way women are misrepresented is age. The women portrayed in movies and TV shows are predominantly in their twenties or thirties.

Read More

The Controversy Of Remembering Mistakes

441 Words | 2 Pages

Breaking glass is said to be good luck, but was it lucky that you broke the glass? It could have just been a silly mistake. Most people don’t like to remember mistakes. There are some mistakes were you can’t help but to laugh at when, or after they happen. Whether they happen you you or to someone you know.

Read More

Deductive Reasoning In Reasoning

1257 Words | 6 Pages

I will be exploring how emotions can influence good reasoning through areas of knowledge such as ethics and history. For example, in ethics, we always struggle to make moral decisions and we try to achieve the best decision with a good reasoning. During the process of decision making through reasoning, emotions can be both beneficial and harmful. For instance, I used to be against the idea of abortion, because I felt that every human being has a right to live. My reasoning against abortion used to be that: Killing people is wrong.

Read More

Essay On Post Event Information

1397 Words | 6 Pages

Post Event Information Post event information is information that has been provided to an individual after they have witnessed an event. Misleading (incorrect) post event information can dramatically alter a person’s recollection of events (Loftus, 1992), and is often referred to as the ‘misinformation effect’ (Loftus, 2005). Misinformation can cause serious errors in recollection, information can be given deliberately or, more commonly, accidentally. This may happen through police interviews or general enquiries after the witnessed event has taken place. A prime example of this can be found in Gabbert et al.

Read More

Human Nature In Frankenstein

1483 Words | 6 Pages

Human nature develops through time from its acquisition of new experiences and standards. Human nature is maintained and controlled by society, and they both work hand-in-hand to advance mankind. As society can help mankind as a whole, it can also hinder the individual. Society’s pressure through standards pushes the conformity of the individual; but as the individual is unable to meet these standards, they are faced with opposition. The opposition of society over the individual causes the corruption and change of the individual.

Read More

Amnesia Case Study Psychology

1296 Words | 6 Pages

One famous case of amnesia supporting Squire's view is patient H.M. (Scoville & Milner, 1957), who had parts of his left and right temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala and surrounding areas of both removed. He developed severe anterograde amnesia, the inability to learn new information, resulting in an almost completely absent short-term memory storage. He also had moderate retrograde amnesia, unable to remember information between 3 to 11 years prior to his surgery, but with other long-term memories unaffected. Explaining this, Squire argued that memories are consolidated in the hippocampus, easily disrupted by trauma during this. They become less dependent on the hippocampus with time, eventually being stored in the neocortex (Alvarez &

Read More

Lazarus Motivational Theory

1284 Words | 6 Pages

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), emotion is “a complex pattern of changes, including physiological arousal, feelings, cognitive processes, and behavioral reactions, made in response to a situation perceived to be personally significant”.[1] This definition implies that emotion is influenced by cognition and physiology. Cognition is the mental processes used to perform a task such as comprehension, reception, use of knowledge and storage, while physiology is the way in which a living organism functions.[2] Negative emotions are emotions that involve an unfavorable judgement of a situation and to avoid or destroy what is perceived as a threat.[3] There are various theories and studies conducted to suggest the interaction

Read More

More about Memory And Misinformation Essay

Related Topics

Open Document