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Mercantilism: The Commercial Policy Of England

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The commercial policy of England was based on mercantilism. Mercantilism is the belief in benefits of profitable trading. The economic philosophy of mercantilism was attempted in England and its American colonies’ economic relationship. The economic philosophy of mercantilism was based upon a collection of national states. When one nation would lose a right, another would gain that right. Every nation tried to become as economically independent as possible. While doing this, they still tried to trade with other countries. For this trading to occur, colonies would supply the mother country with beneficial raw material. The colonies would furthermore be a market for manufactured goods for the mother country. Trading with other countries would
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Having colonies also meant they could make people buy their products, helping their own economy grow. European countries competed to get the best colonies, making things even more intense. Politics played a big part in motivating the age of new imperialism.

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2) The British Government exercised over its colonies during the 17th and 18th century in a variety of ways. The British strongly believed in the economic theory of mercantilism. This theory stated that a countries economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold and silver in its coffers. In Britain’s eyes, the colonies were meant to supply the crown with raw materials.

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England used this system to benefit economically from the colonies. Salutary Neglect played a huge role in keeping the colonist in check using mercantilism as a way to show that they were obedient to the king and if they went against the rule of the king then that would be treason. The navigation acts were placed to prevent foreign trade to rival countries like France, and the Netherlands. They implemented this act to ensure that all shipping goes through British ports and are carried by British ships. This act made sure that the colonies were still under control of the British.

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1.Great Britain controlled the economy in the colonies through trade. 2.Every culture or country traded so that they could receive all of the essential goods that they needed to survive. 3.Great Britain forced the colonies to trade only with them so they could make a profit, and also so they could obtain the things they needed from. 4.As a result of the New World not having all that the colonists needed , Great Britain would have those goods that the colonists could use to survive; so they traded their goods back and forth.

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Nevertheless England wanted implemented economic policy known as mercantilism, which focuses on profit of trade.7 England began to pass legislation to ensure that it reaped more trade benefits from its colonial possessions.7 England passed acts that would benefit from the products being created in the new world. One significant act was the Stamp Act 1765, which imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. This stamp act created animosity between the colonies and England because the colonies believed this was just another way to get money out of the colonies without the approval of the colonial legislatures.8 The colonies soon wanted to be free from the reign of the British rule

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The economy in the Colonies was very crucial for the survival and growth. Trading, resources, imports, and exports were all key for the Colonies. Expediential wealth was never seen, trading and the economy was very important for the colonists just to get back and live. The economics in the 13 Colonies consisted of a system called mercantilism. This was believing that there was a limited source of wealth in the world, and the goal of being a mercantilist economy was to collect the most silver and gold at the expense of all the other nations.

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The British men gathered full control of the trading center present in the Americas, and created the Navigation Acts to help aid them in their tactics to take control over all trade within the Americas. The Navigation Acts were passed under a mercantilist system, and was used to regulate trade in a way that only benefitted the British economy. These acts restricted trade between England and its colonies to English or colonial ships, required certain colonial goods to pass through England before export, provided subsidies for the production of certain raw goods in the colonies, and banned colonial competition in large-scale manufacturing. This lowered the competition in the trading world for the British and caused the British to have a major surge in power, that greatly attributed to the growth of their rising empire. The British’s ambitious motives in the trading world help portray a way that the British took control of an important piece in the economy of all of the other nations present in the colonies in the time period, and shows another leading factor in the growth of the British empire.

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They then turned to smuggling goods and in response, Britain came up with the Navigation Acts which restricted the colonies trading to mostly Britain. The Navigation Acts gave the colonies free protection but limited their trade and economic incentive. These made the colonist a little upset but did not really affect their relationship because they were so loosely enforced in a way called Salutary Neglect. The aftermath of the French and Indian War heavily affected Salutary Neglect. Parliament began heavily enforcing the Navigation Acts.

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This assignment must be answered in your own words. 1. What is mercantilism? How did the British use this to manage the original 13 colonies?

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The colonies were established for various reasons, including religious freedom, economic opportunities, and political freedom. The colonies were expected to provide raw materials for England's industries, and in return, England provided them with protection and a market for their goods. Initially, England tried to control the colonies by establishing strict laws and regulations, but this approach proved difficult to enforce due to the distance between England and the colonies. In the early eighteenth century, England adopted a policy of salutary neglect.

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. Maryland Toleration Act: Created in 1649 to ease tensions between Protestants and Catholics; ultimately failed and did not end bickering between the two religions . triangular trade: the trade between eastern colonies, Africa, and Europe; included an exchange of slaves to the colonies, manufactured items such as guns and alcohol from EUrope to colonies and West Africa, and crops to Europe . Mercantilism: foundation of the mercantilist theory is that a nation must export more than it imports; high value for gold, silver, and other precious metals . Navigation Acts: essentially a series of tariffs imposed upon the colonies beginning in 1651 to create an English monopoly over trade; colonists could only trade with England and had to use English

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The main materials Europeans sought after were silver and gold because it symbolized a country’s superiority. A “favorable balance of trade” promoted a better work ethic to supply goods which benefitted the economy. The Navigation Acts were formed due to England’s competition with the Dutch for trade. So, these acts were created to ensure that only English ships could exchange goods with the colonies and the items could not be brought out of the domain. Mercantilism caused the colonies to be in debt to England because the goods that they exported were not as valuable as the goods imported from England.

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Mercantilism – Mercantilism was one of the many major issues that lead to the American Revolution. British used Mercantilism to try and control their economies by putting restrictions on their import and export by controlling whose ships they could use and most importantly with who they could trade goods with. The British tried to stricken laws to control the trade in the colonies but it was hard to enforce. The British knew that this was an issue. America could benefit from trade with Dutch, French, and Spanish which pushed Britain to enforce trade restrictions and even passed new laws.

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The natural resources would be able to be changed through factories and businesses that the African countries did not have. The colonies also provided people for labour. These people were paid in very low wages or would be taken as slaves for the new Europeans who moved to these colonies. New markets for goods were also now

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Having the use of trade available to different nations made it easier to focus on aspects of receiving the raw materials to make countries more valuable. According to a reliable source, “Overseas colonies could serve as reliable sources of raw materials not available in Europe that came into demand because of industrialization” (911). This meant that they could get rubber from rubber trees in the Congo River basin and Malaya and use it to make many things, from tires to pipes. Tin came from colonies in southeast Asia and copper came from central Africa. Tin and copper were mostly used to make tools and weapons.

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