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Theory Evaluation of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, Part III Theory Evaluation Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) has been a part of nursing theory since publication in 1971 (Fawcett & Desanto-Madeya, 2012). During this time, it has been used as a framework for many research projects and nursing school curriculum and as a guide to nursing practice (Fawcett & Desanto-Madeya, 2012). Is the theory congruent with current nursing standards?
Caring for The Individual: An Examination of Personal Nursing Philosophy Arianna Mailloux 400164224 NURSING 2AA3 Ashley Collins Harris February 19, 2018 As a novice nurse, developing and understanding of ones’ own personal feelings about nursing is important to help shape your clinical practice. Within this paper I will examine my personal assumptions, beliefs and values of the four nursing paradigms to develop a personal philosophy of nursing. This philosophy will be aligned with a known nursing theory and the comparisons will be discussed. Section I: Personal Philosophy of Nursing Person
I leisurely read on an everyday basis. Though I have read and am interested by a diverse array of genres, I am most allured by classical pieces of literature; my favorite book is Frankenstein. I love the way in which authors from hundreds of years ago can capture experiences and conditions which I am exposed to today. In Frankenstein, the protagonist, Victor Frankenstein, obsessively commits his time, energy, and thoughts to the creation of a lifeform. Consequently, every other facet of his life, including his relationships and physical health, diminished.
As SCDNT is described as a conceptual model, there are many concepts, however, according to Smith and Parker (2105) there are six main concepts, four being patient related and two nursing related along with a peripheral concept that connects with all the concepts. The first patient related concept of self-care is defined as a purposeful action to maintain life, while the second concept of self-care agent is defined as the person receiving care (McEwen & Wills, 2014). The agent can be further defined as the patient, a family member delivering care or the nurse (Smith & Parker, 2015). Therapeutic self-care demand is outlined as the nurse delivering care due to the patient’s inability to provide their own therapeutic care (McEwen & Wills, 2014).
Person-centred nursing is widely practised in clinical areas today, the original concept was developed from the work of psychologists such as Carl Rogers and Tom Kitwood. Rogers (1957.1961) considered empathy and unconditional positive regard to be core features of any therapeutic relationship in counselling. He developed the concept of person-centred therapy in counselling. Stein-Parbury (2009) writes about the use of interpersonal skills in nursing and places a focus on Roger’s model of person-centred therapy. She states that person-centred nursing models have been influenced by the work of Rogers.
CONCEPT 1: SELF-CARE Self-care is the ability of individuals, families and communities to promote health, prevent disease or maintain health and to cope with illness and disability with or without the support of a healthcare provider (WHO 2009). This concept is one of the key concepts identified by Orem (1985) on her theory of self-care deficit. Although a complex and multidimensional phenomenon (Wilkinson & Whitehead 2009), it is part of daily life as those activities contributing to health and wellbeing (physical, mental, social and psychological) are derived from knowledge and skills from the pool of both professional and lay experience and used by individuals and families (WHO 1983). There are many relevance of self-care.
Orem’s Self-Care Deficit theory includes 3 constituent theories, namely; the theory of self-care, the self-care deficit theory and theory of nursing systems. The theory states that an individual as an obligation to tend to their own needs. The person has a right and responsibility to engage in continuous self-maintenance, the capability to do so is termed an ‘’agency’’ ( Denyes, Orem and Bekel , 2001). In a nursing environment promoting independence is integral to practice, as with the thinking behind Orem’s theory , ‘’Implementing interventions to maintain a sense of control over their own experience of health maintenance promotes better outcome’s ‘’ (O’Shaughnessy ,2014). In practice ,using the self-care theory , the individual efficiently attends to their own need and also maintains their
As nurses, we continue to gain knowledge and skills within our area of practice. We use theories to help us build concepts or ideas in gathering information, explaining relationships and demonstrating experiences of development. Theories vary in their level of abstraction and scope. Nursing theories are beneficial in helping us to understand, organize our thoughts and influence practice and research. Nursing theory has three distinct types to describe the level of abstraction:
My perspective on holistic nursing and self-care Introduction In context of World Health Organization, self-care is often defined as activities individuals, families and communities undergoes with the motive of increasing health, overcoming disease, limiting illness and restoring health ("What is", n.d.). The knowledge and skills are gained from both professional and lay experiences for such activities. According to Klebanoff & Hess (2013), holistic nursing is defined as all nursing practice that has only motive of healing the whole person as its prime goal. A holistic nurse is like a licensed nurse who often incorporates a “mind-body-spirit-emotion-environment” approach to the practice of traditional nursing.
The practice of nursing evolves daily from theories and philosophies that are proven by researchers, resulting in growth of the medical profession and advanced evidence based knowledge. Philosophies According to Alligood (2014b), philosophies are specific theories that focus on one or more metaparadigm concepts in a wide spectrum philosophical way (p. 43). For a person to understand philosophies it is required to understand the knowledge type, metaparadigms. Metaparadigm Metaparadigm is the vast perspective of a discipline and a way to describe a concern specifically to a profession or department (Alligood, 2014b, p.42).
Virginia Henderson Theory used Today Virginia Henderson is one of many nursing theorists who changed the nursing profession. Henderson’s theory was considered a “needs” theory (Ahtisham& Jacoline, 2015). It was considered a needs theory because the primary focus was on the patient and the 14 fundamentals needs of the patient to aid in recovery. A nurse taking care of a patient with dementia will utilize Virginia Henderson’s theory in his or her practice by assessing the patient while making a connection with that patient, involving the patient and family to help maintain current health status, providing an environment that will provide safety and security, and using the 14 fundamental needs to guide the nursing process that is being
Adams, it is important to address all areas from a holistic standpoint. This would include psychosocial, environmental and medical interventions. While providing care it is important to remember Florence Nightingale’s goal of nursing is to “assist the patient to regain “vital powers” by meeting their needs, which in the end puts the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon.” (Smith & Parker, 2015). Nightingale believed that nurses contribute to restoring health in a direct and indirect way by the management of patient’s environment (Smith & Parker, 2015).
Nurses intervention are there to coordinate the rhythm between human and environment and assisting the patient in the change process and toward a better health. 9. Dorothea Orem- Orem’s theory creates self care, known as the practice of activity, in which the patient performs his personal routine and needs independently to maintain health and lifestyle, according to age, developmental state, experiences in life, and cultural background. Orem identifies 5 requisites as known as; Activity of Daily Living; .The maintenance of sufficient intake of food and water.
The idea behind the self-care theory is for nurses to always be ready to provide help and services to other people who needs to be cared for around the world. In my own opinion, nurses should establish requirements that consist of interpersonal relationship, positivity, knowledge and the use of critical thinking. Nurses should also learn about others religion, ethics, cultures and believes of different races in the world. That way, they will be able to have a better understanding about a patient’s point of view when it comes to care. Nurses should have the desire to help patients, and be able have an extensive knowledge to communicate with patients, and their families with respect and
Internal Dimensions The internal dimensions of a theory act as guidelines to describe a theory to enhance understanding of the approaches used to evolve it and in identifying gaps in the theory. The first dimension is the rationale on which the theory is built. The components of the theory of self-transcendence are united in a chain-link and it is based on certain sets of relationships that are deduced from a small set of basic principles and are therefore hierarchical in nature. The second dimension to consider is that of the system of relations.
