The textbook, Modern World History: Patterns of Interaction by McDougal Littell, states that the causes of World War One is a narrative of multiple factors, but the underlying narrative that the textbook teaches is that the blame for the war on Germany. When the textbook cites nationalism as one of the reasons for the beginning of World War One the first country listed was Germany. When the textbook mentions alliances as a factor that led to the war it does not mention any particular nation by name, but rather it has a picture of Germany’s Kaiser Wilhelm II. This leads a student to focus their attention to Germany’s ruler as the as the supreme reason World War One began. Additionally, in the caption below the Kaiser Wilhelm II’s picture, the