Fredrich Engels: The Rise Of The Monogamous Family

The first section of the text was contributed by social scientist Fredrich Engels. In this section Fredrich comprises his arguments and focus upon the rise of the Monogamous family as well as its effects upon men, women, and the economic system. Engels' section is initiated by talking about the early humans and their interaction with love, sex, and primordial forms of marriage. Engels' starts by talking about the 'barbaric' era and moves on through civilizations and most of history based on marriage's interaction with changing social strata and class. Women as a general rule were dominated early in human development and were only valued because of their ability to create children. Most of the early tribes and civilizations treated women and

In this section Kinsman writes on the issue of the negative social construction surrounding homosexuality. To begin his section of the text Kinsman criticizes and analyzes Marx and the previously mentioned Engles experience and perspectives, which influenced their stance on gender and sexuality. Kinsman explains that due to the time where they were born and how most of the founding fathers of Marxism perceived the world around them sexuality just wasn't as important to the whole of society. Marx' status as a white, straight, male put him right in the sweet spot of societal naturalism. This meant that problems of sexuality and sometimes race did not apply to his perspectives or theories. Marx and Engels delved heavily into fetishism most notably the fetishism surrounding materialism, however they fail to explore this fetishism that infects our daily social relations. Moving on from Marx, Kinsman writes of materialism for queers, which directs attention to the ideological hegemony that promotes heteronormativity and attempts to destabilize homosexuality. Kinsman then moves on to talk about the historical and social relativity of sexuality. Though the common sense constructed by society would tell you that sexuality between men and woman are 'correct', this is culturally relative and dismissive of a world of history and diverse culture. Kinsman moves on to explain that a historical

Beauvoir speaks about the biological science and history around female domination, as well as the legitimacy of the female 'other' . To start their section Beauvoir poses the question of what the female denotes in the animal kingdom and what kind of traits do we see women share with these animals of the same sex. Beauvoir goes on to argue that nature itself requires reproduction in order to propagate every species, however this does not dictate a required sexual differentiation. early matriarchal and patriarchal societies decided on the birth of children very differently, with women being the sole creator of children, and the latter believing the mother had not part other than making sure the child survived birth and childhood. Many scientists studied the births and process of females (in different animals) post copulation and misunderstood many findings leading to changes in thought process surrounding female genitalia as well as uterus. Beauvoir also talks of the work of Hegel, who states that there must be a separation between man and woman because one of each sex must take up the mantle of passive principle and the other taking up the active role. This greatly reinforced the idea of patriarchal domination as a necessity as well as the natural state of humanity. Beauvoir goes on to explain this in more detailed and in depth terms by looking at core pillars of life with the sperm and