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Nitrogen Essay

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Nitrogen Nitrogen is an element, in which its name is derived from the Latin word ‘nitrum’ known to be the fifth most abundant element in the universe. Nitrogen is one of the building blocks of life; living organisms may cease to exist without the existence of nitrogen. It can be said that nitrogen makes up of 80 percent of our atmosphere. It has an atomic number of 7 and is located in the far left of the periodic table. The element belongs to Group 15, Period 2 and p Block and has an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p3. Nitrogen first came about when a Swedish chemist, Carl Wilhelm Scheele discovered that there were two types of air in the atmosphere. One being ‘fire air’ (oxygen) because it supported combustion, and the other being …show more content…

It can be thought of as a measure of the difficulty of removing electrons or the strength of the electrons that is bounded. Consequently, the higher the ionization energy, the more difficult it is to remove an electron. Thus, ionization energy is considered as an indicator of an atom’s reactivity. This type of energy is usually expressed in kJ/mol. Similarly as the atomic radius, the ionization energy follows a trend on the periodic table of elements. Ionization energy increases as you go from left to right of an element’s period. This is mainly due to the fact that the atomic radius generally decreases when you move across the element’s period, therefore there is a greater effective attraction between the negatively charged electrons and positively-charged nucleus. The ionization energy of a nitrogen is calculated as 1400 …show more content…

However, nitrogen is not only associated with gas. Nitrogen turns to a liquid state when exposed to extremely low temperature (-210 C). Liquid nitrogen has a density of 0.807 g/ml. Nitrogen is widely used in the chemical industry as well as in our everyday daily lives. In the chemical industry, nitrogen is needed to make fertilizers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives. To do so, nitrogen must be reacted with hydrogen which will produce ammonia. Nitrogen in the form of liquids are commonly applied for freezing (refrigerant) foods or any sort of objects that is needed to be kept at cold temperature. Nitrogen helps to maintain their moisture, colour flavour as well as its

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Ionizing energy also increases as the elements go across the periods and also decreases when the elements go down the groups. The atomic radius does the opposite of electronegativity and ionization; it decreases as the elements go across the periods and increases when the elements go down the groups. The electronegativity increases as you go across the periods because the elements nucleus gains 1 more proton which means more protons more power to attract the electrons, the electronegativity decreases as you go down the groups because an extra shell is added every time this then causes an increase in nuclear charge due to more protons being added. This means that the nucleus is less able to attract electrons. Ionizing energy increases across a period because as the atoms radii is getting smaller the electrons get closer to the nucleus which creates a greater attraction for the electrons making it harder to remove them.

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